Somogyi Múzeumok Közleményei 16. (2004)
Horváth Győző – Sárkány Henrik – Molnár Dániel: Kisemlősök közösségi szintű monitorozása két erdei élőhelyen (Bükkháti-erdő – Baranya megye, Lankóci-erdő – Somogy megye)
430 Community-level monitoring of small mammals in two forest habitats (Bükkhát-forest: Baranya county; Lan kóci-forest: Somogy county) GYŐZŐ HORVÁTH — HENRIK SÁRKÁNY — DÁNIEL MOLNÁR Small mammal communities were monitored in South-Hungary using capture-mark recapture in an oak-hornbeam forest (Querco robori-Carpinetum) in the Drava lowlands between 1994—2002, and in a 1-hectare lowland alder gallery forest (Paridi qunadrifoliae-Alnetum) in the upper Drava-section between 2000—2002. Trapping was done in 5-night sessions, revealing a total of 10 small mammal species in the oak-hornbeam forest, with three populations showing dominance [Clethrionomys glareolus (Schreber), Apodemus flavicollis (Melchior), Apodemus agrárius (Pallas)), and 12 small mammal species in the lowland alder gallery forest, with C. glareolus having high density. Shannon-diversity along the forest edge -closed forest gradient had significant decreasing trend in one year only, thus the hypothesis of alpha-diversity decreasing from ecotone zone towards closed forest could not be confirmed by statistics for most of the years. In spatial analyses, ß-diversity values well expressed the mosaic character of the habitat. When the ecotone-closed forest gradient was analysed, greater differences between ß-diversities of sampling units were revealed mostly in cases of the characterspecies having lower abundance values in the community. The small mammal communities revealed in the two sampling areas of different vegetation and microclimate were different both in their composition and structure. The appearance and spatial distribution of rare species in the two communities depended partly on the abundance of character species with high densities, by these species regulating the inward movement of rare, immigrating species. On the other hand, there were other rare species that had their spatial distribution depending on their habitat choice based on their ecological requirements (shrew species preferring wet areas), and highdensity rodents had less marked effect on these species. Due to habitat choice determined by ecological requirements, it is primarily meteorological factors, especially precipitation, that had greater effect in these species.
