M. Járó - L. Költő szerk.: Archaeometrical research in Hungary (Budapest, 1988)

Analysis - WITTMANN Zsuzsa, BÉLAFI-RÉTI Katalin, DÉCSY Zoltán, ERDŐHALMI-TÖRÖK Klára, KISS—BENDEFY Márta, VASSÁNYI István, VELLEDITS Lajos: Examination of painting materials used by Mihály Munkácsy for his painting "Studio"

pentine oilbased on the examinations carried out up till now. Besides these materials, gum arabic could be shown. The samples from the painting contained sandarac and mastic resins too. Up till now, we have been unable to detennine the presence of bitumen but by further developing the separation and analytical methods we should Üke to check it. So far as the darkening process of the painting is concerned the propolis content of beeswax might have contributed to it too. But this hypothesis will have to be proved. The results of the analysis of the samples from the painting "Studio" show that the generalization of the names bituminous, asphaltous ground or paint are not perfect. The data of the materials in this study need to be complemented with further examinations, e.g. layer-analyses, clarification of uncertain aspects, etc. In order to gain knowledge of the master's technique and the reasons for the damage of this type of painting, one should investigate his other works and works of his contemporaries, which contain similar materials and which are in the same bad condition. References 1. Malonyay, D : Munkácsy Mihály élete és munkái (The life and works of Mihály Munkácsy), Singer and Wolfner, Budapest 1898. 2. Balló E.: Az olajfestés mestersége (The craft of oil-painting), Ed: by the writer, Budapest 1918. 3. Gettens, R. J. and Stout, G. L : Painting materials, A short encyclopedia, Dover Publications, New York 1966. 4. Masschelein—Kleiner, L. : Ancient binding media, varnishes and adhesives, ICCROM, Rome 1985. 5. Wolbers, R : Developing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) as an aid in the detection of asphalt-containing paint films, Art conservation training programs conference, May 1-3,1983. Buffalo, Cooperstown, New York 6 Masschelein—Kleiner, L. : Analyses of paint media, varnishes and adhesives, PACT, 13, Strasbourg 1986. 7. Végvári, L.: Munkácsy Mihály, Képzőművészeti Alap Kiadóvállalata, Budapest 1983, 8. Gay, M. C: Essais d'identification et de localisation des liants picturaux par des colorations spécifiques sur coupes minces, Laboratoire de Recherche des Musées de France, Annales 1970. 9. De Keijzer, M.: The preparation and the examination of paint cross sections, applied to paintings by Vilmos Huszár, Fifth International Restorer Seminar, Veszprém 1985. 10. MSz 09-60130 (Hungarian Standard) 11. MSz 19.990-76 (Hungarian Standard) 12. ASTM-D 1091-64 13. Rie derer, J. : Kunstwerke chemisch betrachtet, Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1981. 14. Grandou, P. and Pastour, P.: Peintures et vernis, Paris 1966. List of Photos Photo 1 Mihály Munkácsy. STUDIO, reproduction from 1987 Photo 2 Mihály Munkácsy: STUDIO, reproduction from 1908