Borhidi Attila: A Zselic erdei (Dunántúli Dolgozatok Természettudományi Sorozat 4., 1984)
beechwoods and hornbeam-bakwoods . In Zselic the natural Scotch pine occurrences of this kind have sharply decreased in number. An important sylvicultural tesk is to reintroduce an adequate proportion of Scotch pine into the beech and horhbeam-oak stands. The pure and oak-mixed Scoth pinewoods are one and all artificially established stands. There are no pure natural Scotch pinewoods in Zselic; neither the climate nor the soil conditions are favourable for unmixed pinewood stands. 1.9. The establishment of of poplar plantations is highly important 'in the economy of Hungary. Lands suitable to this purpose are fewer in Zselic than in the lowlands. In.the high yielding beechwood and hornbeamwood types liable for natural forest management poplar stands had better be planted for pre-use at the most. Of the natural forests only the moderately humid types of ash-elm-oak galleries are worth being transformed into poplar groves of main use. Good opportunity is offered for .this purpose in the southwards opening valleys in the southern marginal areas of the hill-country, furthermore in the mesophilous grasslands and swamp-meadows of the Kapos-valley. Summing up the results the following conclusions are made: The study defines the phytogeographical status.of Zselic and specifies the zonal extrazonal and azonal plant communities of the area. It argues out that the zonal forest associations of southern Transdanubia form the immediate continuation of the vegetation zones in wes'tern Balkan -and the hornbeam-oak- and beech-woods of the ч area up to Lake Balaton belong to the zone of the Illyrian beechwoods and hornbean-oakwoods. Phytosociological and statistical methods are employed to prove that the Illyrian beechwoods are to be distinguished as a separate alliance within the order Fagetalia. The study determines the geographical distribution of the Fagion illyricum alliance and contains its syntaxonomical and cytogeographical characterization. Six forest associations, 16 subassociations and 19 forest types as practical, units for sylviculture are recognized in the region and characterized. Of these, two associations are new to science. Attempt is made to settle the inconsistencies in the syntaxonomy of alluvial forests. The forest types of the area are ecologically and phytosociologically characterized, the structure of stands, quality and output relations are described, and detailed suggestions are made concerning the sylvicultural methods to be employed. Finally, the.timber trees of primary and secondary importance in the region are evaluated in the prospective order of value of the tree species of Hungary, and the species to be given preference and those to be. neglected are listed. Also, the possibility of planting species not native to the region is discussed and the siete and cultivation problems of economically important poplar stands are dealt with in detail. 145
