Ábrahám Levente (szerk.): Válogatott tanulmányok XVIII. - Natura Somogyiensis 34. / Miscellanea 18. (Kaposvár, 2020)
Haris, A.: Sawflies of the Bakony Mountains and the Balaton Uplands (Hymenoptera: Symphyta)
Natura Somogyiensis 34: 73-126. Kaposvár, 2020 DÓI: 10.24394/NatSom.2020.34.73 Submitted: 04.01, 2020; Accepted: 08.01, 2020; Published: 13.03, 2020 www.smmi.hu/termtud/ns/ns. htm Sawflies of the Bakony Mountains and the Balaton Uplands (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) Attila Haris H-1076 Budapest, Garay street 19 2/20, Hungary e-mail: attilaharis@yahoo.com Haris, A.: Sawflies of the Bakony Mountains and the Balaton Uplands (Hymenoptera: Symphyta). Abstract: 358 species are listed from the Bakony Mountains and the Balaton Uplands. Monostegia analis (Konow, 1887) and Pristiphora cincta Newman, 1837 are new records for the Hungarian fauna. Megalodontes laticeps Konow, 1897, Gilpinia laricis (Jurine, 1807), Tenthredo arcuata Förster, 1771, Apethymus cerris (Kollar, 1850), Monostegia cingulata (Konow, 1891), Empria alector Benson, 1938, Cephalcia alpina (Klug, 1808), Nematinus luteus (Panzer, 1805), Nematus brevivalvis Thomson, 1871, Pachynematus montanus (Zaddach, 1883), Pamphilius aurantiacus (Giraud, 1857) are cancelled from the fauna-list of the Bakony Mountains. Keywords: Hymenoptera, Symphyta, Hungary, Bakony, new records Introduction The Bakony is a limestone cliff mountains with an area of about 4000 km2, the westernmost and largest member of the Transdanubian Mountains (Fig. 1). The Bakony is divided by the west-eastern fracture line between Devecser and Várpalota into two parts: the North Bakony and the South Bakony (Fig. 3 and 4). In broader sense, the Keszthely Plateau (Figs. 7 and 8) and the Balaton Uplands (Figs. 2, 5, 6 and 10) are also part of the Bakony Mts. The Bakony is dominantly made up of Triassic and Jurassic marine sediments (limestone, dolomite, marl). In its southern areas, volcanic basalt also appears. The present form of the mountains likely formed during the Tertiary period, some 45 million years ago. Its highest peak is the Kőris hill with 709 m altitude above the sea level. There are also 15 strictly protected caves in this region. The mountain range is perpendicular to the most common, northwestern wind direction. As a result of this, most of the precipitation occurs in the northwestern Bakony area (up to 800 mm per year in some areas), while the southeast, especially the Veszprém Plateau, is dry (with less than 600 mm yearly precipitation). The annual average temperature is 8.5°C in North Bakony and close to 10°C in South Bakony. The slopes overlooking Lake Balaton have Mediterranean influences, making the summer even warmer and the winter even milder. Almost 84% of the Bakony Mountains are covered with forests. The area of these forests approximately 140,000 hectares. The main species of hornbeam and beech forests are European ash, sycamore maple and Norway maple, large-leaved linden and small-leaved linden and wild cherry. In the higher elevations we can see Scotch elm, ISSN 1587-1908 (Print); ISSN 2062-9990 (Online) 1 I
