Haris Attila: Hymenoptera Research in the Carpathian Basin - Natura Somogyiensis 29. (Kaposvár, 2016)
History of the Aculeata research in Hungary from 1920
82 Natura Somogyiensis Till his retirement, Örösi was director of the Research Institute of Apiculture (after the re-organization of this institute: Department of Apiculture of Institute of Small Animal Research) in Gödöllő. Örösi, in his book on the "Enemies of honeybees and the animals of bee hives" (Méhellenségek és a köpű állatvilága), discusses few economically important Aculeata species like Philanthus triangulum, Vespa crabro, Bombus spp., Psithyrus spp. etc. (Örösi 1939). In "Einige Beobachtungen an Wespen, Hornissen und Hummeln bei Bienen" (Some observations of wasps, hornets and bumble bees) (Örösi 1939) Örösi wrote about Vespidae and bumble bees in apiculture point of view (Örösi 1937). János GyőrfI (13th March 1905 Keszthely - 9th October 1966 Sopron, professor of Sopron University of Forestry, Department of Forest Protection). He was bom and grown up in Keszthely and graduated at Sopron University of Forestry (successor of Selmecbánya "Bergakademie" where Scopoli was professor of metallurgy, chemistry and mineralogy) and Győrfi became professor of forest protection and head of the department here. Later, he moved to the Forest Protection Institute of Hungarian Academy of Sciences when his professorship was terminated in 1951 for political reasons during the stalinist era of the Hungarian communist regime. He has 2 faunistic papers: one paper on the Hymenoptera fauna of Sopron and the surrounding areas, in which he reported 290 Aculeata species, namely 40 Vespoidea, 30 Pompilidae, 100 Sphecoidea and 120 Apoidea species (Győrfi 1940). The other faunistic paper discusses the Hymenoptera fauna of former Bars County of the historical Hungary (Győrfi 1944). He also published a short paper on Megachilidae spp. titled "The leafcutter bee" (Győrfi 1938). Endre Dudich (20th March 1895 Nagysalló - 05th February 1971 Budapest), zoologist, member of Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Dudich is very well known for his application of mathematical methods for studying of insects variations. In his early career, he was professor of zoology at Szeged University, nearly 10 years after, in Budapest University of Sciences. Dudich established the Institute of Zoology and Zoogeography inside the university. His special field of researches were taxonomy of coleoptera and Crustacea, hydrobiology, biometrics, soil zoology and also speleology. In hymenoptera, he has one paper, published in 1961 (Dudich 1961) which is proved to be the funniest mistake of the Hungarian paleontology. In the Hungarian geological journal, titled Földtani Közlöny (Journal of Geology), he described an extremely rare Miocene fossil, a nest of a 10 million years Crabronid digger wasp with mummified flies together with it's eggs and larval cuticles. According to Dudich, it was a 10 million years old fossil Crabronid nest in a Sequoioxylon tree with fossilized remains of larval feed (ball of body parts of Syrphyd and Tabanid flies). According to Főzi et al. 2013, "the palaeontological sensation did not last long. Sándor Pordán (1940-1999) who graduated at the University of Budapest in 1964, did not respect the fossils shown to the students during a study excursion but pressed them with his fingers. Some disgusting material, the adipose body, gushed forth from the supposed Middle Miocene insect remains. Dudich's fossils turned out to be an eggs of a present-day digger wasps, embedded in the Herend lignite instead of the remains of the 10 million-year old insect". Stephan Zimmermann (27th October 1896 Kutna Hora (Kuttenberg) - 4th July 1980), for biographic details see the entry: Aculeata research in the Austrian part of the Carpathian Basin. Zimmermann described Chrysis procera Zimmermann, 1954. It has several type locality, one of them, Sződliget, is in Hungary (Zimmermann 1954).
