Haris Attila: Hymenoptera Research in the Carpathian Basin - Natura Somogyiensis 29. (Kaposvár, 2016)
Early History of the Aculeata research in Hungary from the 16th till the 19th century (1560–1800)
Haris, A.: Hymenoptera Research in the Carpathian Basin 57 graduated at the Kalvinist College of Debrecen in teology and law, later he studied medicine in Pest, Berlin and Paris. Török completed the dictionary of Hungarian natural history and medical technical words and phrases titled "Természettudományi szóhal- maz". During the 1848-49 revolution, he served as Chief Medical Officer. He listed the Hymenoptera fauna of Debrecen in the third part of a series of scientific papers titled "Debreczen rovarfaunájának ismertetése. III. közlés. Hártyaröptűek (Hymenoptera)" in 1868. He summarized his 8 years collections. For the identification, Török consulted the identification keys of Dr. E. L. Taschenberg titled "Die Hymenopteren Deutschlands, nach ihren Gattungen, Leipzig 1866.". In this paper; he listed 112 Hymenoptera species including 13 Symphyta species and 75 Aculeata species (Török 1868). He gave Hungarian name for all species. These names for now, are badly outdated and not in use any longer. The reason of the non usability of his names is the forced compliance of the Hungarian names to the Linnean binominal nomenclature which is unconventional in the Hungarian language use, like: "Cerceris arenaria - homoki Döreg, tarra anathema - emle Dengely, Vespa crabro - szitári Darázs, Polistes gallica - közönséges Alkár, Tiphia femorata - vöröczombú Gyöpér, Bombus pratorum - réti Pöször, Osmia fulviventris - rőtsárgahasú Büzér, Holopyga ovata - petés Tünöcz, Hedychrum lucidulum - csillogó Zömény, Chrysis ignita - tüzes Arangy etc.". Oktavij Ivanovitsch Burmeister Radoszkowski (7th August 1820 Lomza- 1st May 1895 Warsawa) Radoszkowski was Polish entomologist specialised for Hymenoptera. He worked in Russia. After finishing the High School of Piarist Order in Warsawa in 1837, Radoszkowski went to Russia and continued his study at the College of Artillery in St. Petersburg. His military studies were completed with geometry and mathematic either. He served in Crimea and Caucasus at the Russian units of artillery. Due to his health problem, in 1879, he retired as general lieutenant. A year after, he returned to Warsawa. There, after a long and serious illness, he died. Radoszkowski described one new Aculeata species and one new variation from Hungary. One of them is Mutilla daghestanica Radoszkowski, 1885. It is quite interesting, in opposite of the specific name "daghestanica", it was described from Bánát (Hungary). The other species is Bombus pratorum var. Tatranus Radoszkowski, 1884 described from the Tatras (Radoszkowski 1884, 1885). Joseph Kriechbaumer (21st March 1819 Tegernsee - 2nd May 1902 München) German entomologist, specialized for Hymenoptera. He described Bombus mocsaryi Kriechbaumer, 1877 from South-East Hungary (Kriechbaumer 1877). Kriechbaumer finished his highschool in München and graduated in medicine at München University. After his graduation his attention turned towards zoology, changed his career and started to teach in Chur at the local high school. He married in Tegernsee, but his happines was short and till his death Kriechbaumer remained widow. He continued teaching in München later in Ingolstadt. In 1898, he was empolyed by the Natural History State Collection in München but after 3 years he was forced to retire caused by embolism. In 1902, he became seriously sick, digestive organ problems and severe bladder problems caused him lot of pain at the end of his life. Henri Tournier (26th September 1834 - 27th August 1904) was a Swiss entomologist (Hymenoptera and Coleoptera). He described Tiphia semipolita Tournier, 1899 from Hungary (Tournier, 1899). In 1872, Ottó Herman (1835 Breznóbánya - Budapest 1914: naturalist, ethnographer, archeologist and politician) published one paper on the nature history and fauna of
