Ábrahám Levente (szerk.): Válogatott tanulmányok IV. - Natura Somogyiensis 15. / Miscellanea 4. (Kaposvár, 2009)
Lánszki József - Sárdi Bertalan - Széles Gabriella: Falvakban és külterületi mezőgazdasági környezetben élő nyestek táplálkozási szokásai
236 Natura Somogyiensis Results Diet composition and trophic niche breadth of martens Plant material - especially fruits - formed the dominant component of the diet of stone martens in the studied summer-autumn period (mean, villages: 62.2%, farms 74.2%, Table 1). Of the fruits available, depending on the locality, pear, plum, cherry or sourcherry, grape or berry were consumed in the largest proportions. The composition of plant or animal food of stone martens living in villages and farms did not differ significantly (t10=l.22, P=0.255). Primary animal food type of martens living in villages (Table 2) was birds (42.1±4.70%, mean±SE), but besides this, proportion of small mammals consumed was also considerable (32.5±3.90%). Primary animal food in farm environment consisted of small mammals (45.7±5.14%) and secondary foods were birds (27.0±6.00%). Between habitat types the distribution of taxonomically different food items was statistically significant (X24=23.23, PO.OOl), but consumption (%B) of each food categories depending on habitat types did not differ significantly (t10=0.41-2.00, P=0.073-0.693) On the basis of hierarchical cluster analysis (Fig. 2), three groups were separated. Those locations (from top to bottom on the dendogram) where bird consumption was high (min.-max. 47.3-67.2%) fell into one group, those where consumption of small mammals was in high ratios (35.7-57.0%) into the second one, and those where consumption of domestic food was considerable (37.8% and 47.9%) fell into the third group. The samples of the martens contained summarized 91 different food taxa (Table 2, Appendix 1): 12 small mammals, 1 ungulate, 7 domestic animals (+ pet food), 4 birds, 2 reptiles, 1 amphibian, 3 fish, 33 invertebrates, 13 fruit, 11 seed taxa and 3 other plant material. Trophic niche for the diet composition (%B) of the martens living in villages and farm environments was relatively narrow (BA, 0.25±0.019 and 0.23±0.027, respectively), and between the two habitat types did not differ significantly (t10=0.55, P=0.597). Highest value was measured in Somogysimonyi (BA=0.32) and the lowest one in Nagyszakácsi (BA = 0.14). Relative distance 0 5 10 15 20 25 +................+-................+..................+................+.................+ Fig. 2: Dendogram of diet similarity of stone martens, calculated with hierarchical cluster analysis on the basis of estimated percentage biomass (%B) data Cluster method: between-groups linkage; interval of measure: Pearson correlation. For numbers of each locations see Fig. 1. Short horizontal lines (—) are separate clusters.
