Maróti Éva szerk.: Régészeti tanulmányok Pest megyéből (Studia Comitatensia 21. Szentendre, 1991)
Poroszlai Ildikó: Bronzkori lelőhely ásatása Dabason
The shape of the pits are mostly circular, in some cases there occured double pits too. Diameter was between 50—250 cm, depth between 50 and 220 cm. In the case of pits 22, 24, 26, 27, 34 in 1987 and B,14, 28, 38 in 1988 — they may have been pit-houses according to their sizes, structures, and situation of the post holes. There were animal burials in pit 11 and 17 of 1988. Animal bones have not been studied yet. Analysis of the arçhaelogical material Pottery is divided into fine and coarse pottery, both well-burnt. There were only few fine pottery among the finds, about 1/10 of all. Carefully burnished black or greyish-black small dishes, one handled cups were found among them. Pottery types — One handled cups: thin walled cups with slightly everted rim and with small handle attached to the rim (PL II. 1, 2). These types occur both in Szigetszentmiklós and Kulcs phases of the Nagyrév Culture. 1 Undecorated cups with globular body came into use in the very end of the culture, in the so called Kulcs phase (PL III. 3.) and in the first phase of the Vatya Culture too 2 . — Dishes. Black and grey thin walled dishes with everted rim, truncated low part, without handle (PL II. 4.) or with 3—4 handles (PL VI. 2,5). This form can be found from the beginning to the end of the culture both on settlements and in cemeteries 4-5 . Coarse dishes have the same form. They are more often decorated: with ribs, incised lines, knots, strokes (Kammstrich) 6 (PL IV. 1—4). A nice pedestalled small dish was found in grave B2 (PL II. 3.). Its surface is covered with scored line patterns, lime encrusted. Height: 6,5; Rim diameter: 10, Basal diameter: 4 cm. The decoration is typical of the Nagyrév culture 9 . — Pots, storage vessels: Most of the fragments belonged to large, thick walled houshold pottery. Their colour was yellow, brown, grey. They had wide mouth, slightly everted rim, sometimes notched rim, with broomstroked decoration. Nearly the whole surface is decorated with strokes (Kamm- und Besenstrichen) (PL I. 5,6; IV. 4; VI. 1.). This decoration is characteristic of the developed and late phase of the Nagyrév culture; several sherds are known from the lower layers of the tell-settlements 40 . Import potteries — Two handled jug of Szóreg 2 type. The handles start from the everted rim. There are 6 x 3 short vertical grooves on the belly. Height: 16; Rim diameter: 11; Basal diameter: 7 cm. (Fig. 2.). Numerous analogies are known from the graves of Szőreg 14 . — Kisapostag sherds: (PI. V. 3, 4, 7.), the decoration is typical of the second phase of the culture, these types often occur on Nagyrév sites 15 . — Fragment of a lime encrusted vessel, early southern Transdanubian type (PI. V. 9.). 16 Other objects There were few finds referring to everyday-life and economy: spindle whorls, bone pins, awls, stone axes, grinding stones, blades, net-weights. There was one bronze pin in pit 15/88, 10,5 cm long. The same type of pins can be found in Kisapostag-Vatya and Early Vatya cultures 17 (PI. Ш. 2.). Having studied the archaeological material from Dabas it can be assumed that the form and decoration of the pottery (PI. Ш. 1, 6; IV. 1—7; VI.) are similar to the finds of the lower layers of tell sites such as Nagyrév, Tószeg 18 , Bölcske, Százhalombatta etc. Connections can be proved with the older stage of the Maros culture: Szóreg 2 jug, grooves, different incised decorations (PI. Ш. 1, 6,; V. 11—14; VI. 4.). Urn graves Bl and B2 seem to be the oldest at the site on the basis of the broom-stroked urn, two-handled cups (PI. П. 1,2.) and the pedestalled dish (PI. П. 3.). Pits 87/32 and 87/22 are the youngest, dated to the beginning of the Middle Bronze Age by the lime-encrusted fragment (PL V. 9.) and the two-handled jug of Szóreg 2 type (Fig. 2.). The chronology of the settlement is: Early Bronze Age 3 — Middle Bronze Age 1, the archaeological material represents the transitional phase when the Kulcs group of the Nagyrév Culture develops into the Vatya Culture. The site was abandoned during phase I of the Vatya Culture. 164 Translated by I. Poroszlai
