Öriné Nagy Cecília (szerk.): A gödöllői szőnyeg 100 éve - Tanulmányok a 20. századi magyar textilművészet történetéhez (Gödöllő, 2009)

Summaries

Summaries 123 Ágnes Prékopa Art pedagogy and formation of approach in the training workshop of the School of Applied Arts The role of the training workshop and its possibilities within the educational structure In pursuance of a ministerial act in 1907, the weaving workshop in Gödöllő became the training workshop of the School of Applied Arts. The present study is trying to analyse, by searching the documents available in the archives, to what extent the approach to art in Gödöllő could influence the students of the School of Applied Arts. The purpose of the ministerial act was to develop the different textile crafts and to create possibilities for employment for women in need of wage earning but not having any qualification. This was the reason why the workshop of Árpád Dékáni manufacturing the so-called laces of Halas (from the name of the town Kiskunhalas) benefited from a status and support similar to those of the weaving workshop in Gödöllő. But the activity of the two training workshops teaching typically "female" applied art branches did not become an integrated part of the official instruction carried on in the School of Applied Arts, since no woman students had been admitted there until 1910. Moreover, the official yearbooks do not even mention that this type of training was going on at all. Ihe home craft class of the School started in 1908 and joining to it were all sorts of organised courses - the latter got abandoned in a few years' time because there was no commercial background necessary for the sales of the textile goods. It was as late as in 1910 that the textile art special class, mentioned this time also in the official curriculum of the School of Applied Arts, was opened to substitute the home craft class. No change took place in the role of the training workshop of Gödöllő. Regarding its status, it remained private venture with its equipment being in private property and the idea of taking it into public ownership was brought into focus only at the end of 1918. A legal wrangling started then around the purchase of the real estate of the weaving workshop, which lasted till 1926. After the death Aladár Körösfői-Kriesch, Sándor Nagy and his wife took over the leadership of the workshop, but in such a way that Mrs. Nagy regularly went to teach in the School of Applied Art until 1927. Ihus, the relation between the School of Applied Arts and the weaving workshop of Gödöllő practically came to an end; Anna Stern took over the task of teaching carpet weaving. A document from around 1930 mentions though the idea that the students of the school could spend the time of their summer practice in Gödöllő, but nothing came of it. As far as the teacher's status of the artists of Gödöllő is concerned, Körösfői has taught also the students of ornamental painting, but he is mentioned only in this quality in the teachers' lists in the yearbooks of the School of Applied Arts. It seems that the students could make themselves familiar, on its merits, with the mentality of Gödöllő mostly in the frame of this course. For, it reveals from the documents that the task of the training workshop was only to teach the technique of carpet weaving, whereas Körösfői, being the ornamental painters' teacher was brave enough to initiate such a great undertaking as the decoration of the church in Zebegény, considered as "art pedagogical task" in which the wall paintings have been prepared by the painters' workshop organised according to the traditions of a medieval guild and recruited from the students of the School of Applied Arts. Time and again, sporadic mentions occur in the documents of trainees, scholarship students sent to Gödöllő, unfortunately without name or any further details. The reports found in the yearbooks of the School of Applied Arts disclose the designers' names of the carpets executed in Gödöllő, but no student can be found among them. Besides, very few names of applied art students can be identified from those belonging to the circle of the Gödöllő artists, and considering the little information we have, no works of art can be associated with any name. Of the names known from photographs, written sources, by comparing them with the data of registers of students, Ilona Bähr, Mária Murányi and Ilona Országh were students of the textile class in the School of Applied Arts. From the graduates of the plane decorating class started in 1918, Erzsébet Dobó, Mária Riszdorfer and Mária Tóth came to live in Gödöllő after graduation.