Majorossy Judit: A Ferenczy Múzeum régészeti gyűjteményei - A Ferenczy Múzeum kiadványai, D. sorozat: Múzeumi füzetek - Kiállításvezetők 5. (Szentendre, 2014)
Dr. Ottomány Katalin: Szarmaták kora
The majority of the exhibited vessels were found in cemeteries. According to the belief of the Romans, the dead continued their lives in the hereafter, and that was the reason why they put food and drink into the graves. First of all, a jar, a mug, and a bowl were placed next to the dead. Instead of cups made of clay in the 4th century glasses were already used (Biatorbágy), but pots were rather rare (Páty). The survival of food remnants are extremely rare (in a large painted vessel from Biatorbágy a few animal bones were found). The Romans practiced skeleton burials, and they put their dead into the graves completely dressed up. Their jewels, costume fittings are indicators of the female and male fashion of the 3rd-4,h centuries. A generally spread female costume in the provinces contained earrings, necklace, and bracelets. There were always more bracelets on the left arm, while they wore only one on the right wrist. This latter was the most adorned, often with a snake-head. Cheaper bronze and iron bracelets can be usually found on the Késő római női ékszerek / left wrist. The most common type was a twisted one Late Roman female jewels from more wires, and the bronze bangle. Silver jewels are rather rare (a brand bracelet can be seen in the exhibition from Páty). Apart from the finds mentioned above, a hairpin was also excavated in the cemetery of Biatorbágy. The typical types of earrings were the green pendants, frit earrings, and the spiral-formed ones were less often used. In the cemetery at Páty the dead sometimes had a whole string of beads, blue glasspaste, white coral, reddish brown cornelian with chopped-off corners. In other cases there was only one big bead in the middle of the neck, on the chest, or on the left shoulder (knobbed bead, fluted bead or eyed bead), while sometimes there was one big glasspaste bead in a cup placed at the feet. In the Late Roman male burials belts were the most common grave goods with a buckle, a belt-end or a belt-mount. The fibula is characteristic only of certain groups of people, the leaders of the soldiers and the officials had bulb-headed fibulas, while the poor wore iron fibulas. The bulb-headed fibula was worn only by men and they clipped their cloaks with it usually on their right shoulder. The former ones are smaller, but the latters are larger and much more decorated variations. Most of them are worn, used pieces. The set of jewels in the grave with the number 266 at Páty contained a penannular buckle brooch from the 4th century (it was worn on the left shoulder by women and men, too), a pelta-shaped belt mount, a buckle, and buttons. In the show-cases also the coins of the Late Roman military camp are on display. On their anvil side there was a head of an Emperor, on their punch side some propagandising label was engraved (e.g. Gloria Romanorum, Virtus exercit, Securitas rei publicae, and so on). SZARMATÁK KORA 1. század - 4. század A szarmaták és a kvádok, mintegy négy évszázadon át Pannonia szomszédai, hol szövetségesei, hol ellenfelei voltak. Valamikor a Kr.u. 1. század folyamán, nagyjából egy időben azzal, amikor a Dunántúl területén a rómaiak megvetették Pannonia tartomány alapjait, az Alföldre egy újabb népcsoport, az iráni eredetű, szarmata jazigok vándoroltak be. Lovas nomád nép voltak, gazdálkodásuk alapját az állattartás jelentette. Négy évszázadon át laktak az Alföldön és a Tiszántúlon, miközben folyamatosan újabb csoportjaik érkeztek keletről. A telepeik mérete a kisebb, egy-két házból álló tanyáktól kezdve a nagy, 50-70 hektár kiterjedésű falvakig terjedt. A 3. század közepétől szokatlanul sűrű településhálózat alakult ki az Alföldön, így telepeik legfeljebb néhány kilométerre voltak egymástól. A szarmaták az 5. század első felében feltehetően hun uralom alá kerültek. 46
