Balogh Zoltán (szerk.): Neograd 2018 - A Dornyay Béla Múzeum Évkönyve 41. (Salgótarján, 2018)
Péntek Attila-Zandler Krisztián: Evidence of middle palaeolithic south from Vanyarc (Nógrád county, Northern Hungary)
The assemblages of the excavations and surface collections have been published several times8. In recent years further sites have been localized south from Vanyarc. Their relatively smaller assemblages, which show strong technological and typological parallelism with the „Vanyarc-type” industry, will be shortly reviewed hereinafter. 3. Description of the sites The wider environment of the Palaeolithic sites and find concentrations belonging to different time horizons and various Palaeolithic industries will be shown in Figure 1. Apparently, some of the Palaeolithic sites are situated successively on the above-mentioned hill comb. On its middle part, the survey of the surface was not adaptable because of its arboreal cover. There are only two unimportant find concentrations along the dirt road passing through the arboreal part of the comb. 3.1. Vanyarc-Makói-oldal At the area of Makói-oldal two sites can be found with relatively small lithic assemblages at an altitude of 230-240 m above sea level. The sites are separated from each other with a 50-60 m wide zone without lithic finds. The greater part of both assemblages was collected directly next to gravels of various extensions. The dimensions of the greater site (called VI9-1) are 130x50 m, the smallest one is (called VI9-2) 100x25 m. The Palaeolithic assemblage of the VI9-1 site contains 211 artefacts. In the raw material utilization (Table 1-2.) dominant the local limnic silicite (hydro quartzite or limnic quartzite) (68,25%). The probable provenance of this raw material is the environment of Galgagyörk and Püspökhatvan, at a distance of about 8-9 kilometres south-westward from the sites as the crow flies. In this area, numerous limnic silicite banks come up to the surface9. This local limnic silicite variant contains many inhomogeneities, fossil plants and mollusc remains, and generally covered with a bluish-white patina layer10 11. The second most frequent raw material is siliceous pebble (13,74%) stemming probably from the neighbouring gravel itself. The share of the felsitic porphyry, regarded as long-distance raw material, is 11,52%. Besides the tools, there are also bigger raw material chunks of it. The amounts of the other raw material types are negligible. The geological sources of the non-local limnic silicite are situated at the southern foothills of the Mátra Mountains, in the environment of Gyöngyöspata, Gyöngyössolymos and Gyöngyöstarján. There are numerous well-known hydro quartzite, limnic quartzite and geyserite outcrops11. Macroscopically all eight radiolarite artefacts resemb8 MARKÓ 2007; 2009b; 2011; 2012 9 CSONGRÁDI-BALOGH, T. DOBOSI 1995; MARKÓ 2005 10 MARKÓ 2005 11 SZABÓ 2012; VARGA et al. 1975; DÁVID L. 1997; DÁVID Á. 2011 222
