Balogh Zoltán (szerk.): Neograd 2018 - A Dornyay Béla Múzeum Évkönyve 41. (Salgótarján, 2018)
Péntek Attila - Gábriel Sára: Legénd-Káldy-tanya 5. nyíltszíni paleolitikus lelőhely kőipara
ATTILA PÉNTEK - SÁRA GÁBRIEL THE LITHIC INDUSTRY OF LEGÉND-KÁLDY-TANYA 5. OPEN-AIR PALAEOLITHIC SITE In the recent years several chipped stone assemblages of Middle Palaeolithic character were found in the vicinity of Legénd in Nógrád County (Northern Hungary). The most abundant assemblage stemming from surface collections in the vicinity of Legénd-Káldy-tanya have been published in the early 2000’s51. It contains more than one thousand artefacts mostly made of local limnic quartzite and various types of extralocal hydrothermal raw materials. The proportion of the extralocal raw material fel- sitic porphyry is significant, and the occurence of obsidian should be emphasized. The techno-typological characters of the assemblage show some evident sameness with the site of Galgagyörk-Csonkás-hegy52. There seems to be a very pronounced similarity to the Bábonyian53 which can be regarded as a descendant of the Central European Micoquian54 or Keilmessergruppe55. Legénd is situated in the Western Cserhát Mountains, at the eastern foothills of the Romhányi Mountains and the Csővár-Faulting, 5 km west of the Galga River, which follows a roughly N-S oriented asymmetric erosional valley developed in the Late Pleistocene. This river forms both a geologic and geographic divide between the Central Cserhát Mountains of volcanic origin and the Western Cserhát Mountains, which is dominantly made up of Oligocene sediments. In the vicinity of the village the terrain is cut by the Szécsénke, Nógrádkövesd, as well as Sápi valleys and their numerous side valleys. On the north-eastern fringe of the Romhányi Mountains there is a the range of hills running between the valleys of the the Sápi and Halyagos streamlets. About 3 km northwest of Legénd at the middle of this range of hills, at an altitude of 300.2 m above sea level the site complex of the above mentioned Legénd-Káldy-tanya is situated on an area of 350x150 m. The site to review (Legénd-Káldy-tanya 5.) in this paper is situated further in south-eastern direction in a distance of 700 m from the site complex at the same elevation. On the base of the spreading of the surface finds, the site’s extension is approximately 220-250x80-100 m. However, there is a somewhat more intensive find concentration of 30x30 m dimension. The assemblage contains 467 lithic artefacts. In the raw material usage an awareness-raising dichotomy can be seen. The majority is made of local raw materials, mostly of limnic silicite, but nummulitic chert and siliceous pebble are present too. The percental ratio of the local quartzite can be regarded also as remarkable. Long distance 51 MARKÓ-PÉNTEK 2003 52 MARKÓ et al. 2002 53 RINGER 1983 54 BOSINSKI 1967 55 MANIA 1990 207
