Fülöp Éva – Cseh Julianna szerk.: „Die aktuellen Fragen des Mittelpaläolithikums in Mitteleuropa”. „Topical issues of the research of Middle Palaeolithic period in Central Europe”. Tata, 20-23 October 2003. (Tudományos Füzetek 12. Tata, 2004)

Jan Michal Burdukiewicz–Andrzej Wisniewski: New Evidence of Middle Palaeolithic in South Poland

making (remains of a hearth?). The next assemblage

—E

—consists of no more than a dozen or so lithic artefacts. Pieces included in this assemblage occurred within layer 8. One of the two younger Middle Palaeolithic assemblages (F

2

) is represented by 180 lithic artefacts. It occurred in the zone of transition of stratified sands (layer 7) and underlying clays (layers 8-9), Characteristic tools were represented by knife forms resembling Prqdnik knives. K. Cyrek classifies the assemblages to the older Micoquian-Pradnikian phase in Poland, comparing it to Wylotne type assemblages.

14 The next assemblage

—Fj

—included asymmetric knives of Pradnik, Klausennische and Bockstein type (layer 5). The finds were contained within a layer of grey stratified sand. 761 specimens were recovered, including 104 tools (fig, 11, 7-8.). K. Cyrek

15 relates them to Ciemna type assemblages, distinguished some decades ago by J. K. Koztowski and S. K. Koztowski (1977, 70-74.). Assemblages F

1 and F

2 were dated on the basis of biostratigraphy to the Br0rup interstadial. This dating is supported by UT analysis of bone samples using the EPR method. One of the more striking discoveries made at Bisnik was a fragment of a structure with a "stone wall", found at the cave entrance in layer 5.

16 The perplexing feature contained a concentration of bone and flint artefacts. The author of research has suggested that this may be the remains of a dwelling structure. It is also interesting that sub-assemblage F

2 included three antler objects with traces of use/wear, all of them resembling "axes" in shape. According to K. Cyrek, one of these specimens showed traces of having been used as a hammer. More evidence was recovered at the housing district Oporów in Wroclaw.

17 Sites Ai, A2 and B recorded in the area lie at a distance of just 2.25 kilometres or so in a straight line from the site at Haliéra street, situated on the upland margin and the valley of the Slçza river (left hand tributary of the Odra). The artefacts occurred almost 2 metres below the ground level. Site Ai is situated at the northern elevation of the upland, site A2, containing artefacts in two layers, on the eastern incline of the same elevation (fig. 12,), site B

—on the southern side of the elevation. The latter is built of till and fluvioglacial deposits of the Odranian glaciation. Sites Oporów Ai and A2, with a well identified stratigraphy, lie only 170 metres apart. Artefacts from site Ai and the lower level of site A2 formed during a similar period; finds contained by the upper level of site A2 and isolated artefacts from site B are slightly younger. Artefacts representing the older horizon are dated by TL and EPR methods to between 66 and 41 ka; artefacts recovered from the upper level of site A2 and from site B

—to about 35 ka. The period may be synchronised with the final stages of the lower stadial (4 OIS) or the onset of the interpleniglacial, which corresponds to interstadials Glinde, 14 CYREK 2002, 45, 15 CYREK 2002, 36. 16 CYREK 2003. 17 SZYNKIEWICZ-WISNIEWSKI 1994.; WisNiEwsKi et al. 2003. 139