Fülöp Éva – Cseh Julianna szerk.: „Die aktuellen Fragen des Mittelpaläolithikums in Mitteleuropa”. „Topical issues of the research of Middle Palaeolithic period in Central Europe”. Tata, 20-23 October 2003. (Tudományos Füzetek 12. Tata, 2004)
Jan Michal Burdukiewicz–Andrzej Wisniewski: New Evidence of Middle Palaeolithic in South Poland
erratic Baltic flint. A number of pebbles were also recorded, used as hammer stones and a stone slab. The assemblage resembles Mousterian inventories. The central area of the site contained the remains of an artefact concentration. The concentration, some 5 meters in diameter, included close to 250 artefacts. Some of them could be refitted into blocks representing production sequences and secondary working (retouch) with some admixture of secondary breaks. Analysis of technology helped to establish that the cluster represented the remains of a small workshop, where flake blanks were produced. The same area produced traces of test reduction and advanced exploitation, characterised by a longer use of core forms. Advanced exploitation was carried out most often using centripetal method, more rarely, unidirectional method. Reduction was dominated by nonLevallois method (fig. 6a.). Isolated elements and the refittings show perfect command of this method of obtaining blanks (fig. 6b.). Selection may have been limited by a poor supply of raw material or a specific profile of production. We hope to clarify this issue by extending the scope of investigation in the coming season. Further discoveries were made at Dzierzyslaw site 1, known from two culture horizons containing leaf points, attributed to the early stage of the Upper or to late cultures of the Middle Palaeolithic. 6 In 1992 underneath layers containing the finds in question, a layer of stratified sandy banded loess yielded a number of flint artefacts (fig. 7,)/ Earlier, the same layer is known to have produced a single flake. 8 The layer is dated by TL to 180 ± 35 ka. The researchers who discovered the artefacts propose to date them to the Wartanian glaciation (OIS 6 ) or the preceding Lublinian interglacial (OIS ). The small assemblage includes a characteristic Blattschaber with a slightly convex back and a fragment of a bifacial tool with a coup de tranchet latéral, typical for Pradnik knives. Authors of research believe that the artefacts represent the Eastern Micoquian. This would make them one of the oldest of their kind in Central Europe. It is worth noting that similar categories of tools as in the modest assemblage from Dzierzyslaw occur also in assemblages classified to the early Mousterian (type Piekary). The site Pietraszyn 49, found several kilometres to the south-west of Dzierzyslaw, furnished more numerous finds of bifacial tools. 9 The site lies on the rim of the Glubczyce Heights, on the right-hand slope of the valley of small river Troja. Artefacts (46 items) were found over moraine clay of Odranian glaciation and alluvial sands, under a layer of clays formed in a periglacial environment. Similarly as artefacts from Dzierzyslaw, the pieces dated from the Wartanian glaciation. Tools included hand axes, knives, two of them Pradnik, a Bockstein, four less characteristic knives, a hand axe/knife, a Faustkeilblätter and 4 side scrapers (fig. 8.). Unfortunately, the age of the deposits which contained the finds has not been determined yet. 6 KOZÍ-OWSKI 1965.; 1996. 7 FOLTYN et al, 2000, 8 KoztowsKi 1965. 9 FAJER et al. 2001. 137
