Vörös István: Őslénytani dolgozatok (1998) / 740-743-1998

Vörös István: Mamutok Magyarországon

V.79.149-160). The mammoth was 30-40 years old. The skeleton is the paratype of the Mammuthus primigenius hungarlcus Kretzoi, 1941 (KRETZOI 1941). The data of the broken sin. et dext. M3 are In Table 1.

Table 1.

Dimensions of Molars of the Mammuthus primigenius hungarlcus (In mm)

Skull

Mátraderecske

Szolnok В.Szolnok C.

Zalaegerszeg

Pécsbányatelep

Sex

o'

juv. 0*

0я

M3d.M3d.

M3s.

M2d.

M3d.

M3s.

M3d.

M3s.

Length of crown

300--147

260-250

238

Length of grindig-surface

192

140

150

125--175

173

Number of ridge-plates of grinding-surface

16

10

13

14

_

16

15

14

Breadth of crown

94

87

85

67

91

90

112

112

Physiological height of crown

120

125

120

60

87--Laminar frequency in 100 mm

9

9

9

10.5

7

6.5

7

7

Thick of ridge-pi ate

7

8

8

6.5

9

9

8

8

Enamel thickness

2

2

2

1.6

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2. Tata-Porhanyó bánya (Porhanyó Quarry)

Middle Paleolithic Site

From the well-known Middle Paleolithic site a travertine intracranial brain cast of a mammoth got Into the collection of the Hungarian Geological Institute in 1937 (lnv.no.: Ob-5013). The rare find was published by TASNÄDI-KUBACSKA (1944). The travertine has infilled the cavity of the forebrain so it conserved the anterlordorsal wall of the cerebral cavity. The anterior, narrower end of the intracranial brain cast corresponds to the olfactorius of the rhinencephalus lobus. The shallow fossa longitudinalis cerebri can be found between the olfactory lobes dorsally. In the lower part of the intracranial brain cast the fragment of the crista galli remained in situ. In the place of the perforated lamina cribrosa small travertine pins were created. From the shape of the intracranial brain cast it is clear that it was formed within a skull lying on its forehead.

In the "Camp-site of mammoth calves’ hunters" a skull of a mammoth calf came to light in fragmentary condition during the 1958 excavation of L. VÉRTES (KRETZOI 1964).

3. Pécsbányatelep

From the argillaceous loess sediment of the sandpit of the Káposztás Valley in the miners’ settlement an almost complete mammoth skeleton was unearthed by L. RIHMER, between 1928-32 (RIHMER 1935). The skeleton was in allochthonous position. From the skull bones only the condyle occipitale dext. has remained. The two tusks are in fragmentary condition, the length of right tusk fragment is 2000 mm. The skeleton belonged to a mammoth bull of 35-40 years old (RIHMER 1935). The skeleton Is the holotype of the Mammuthus primigenius hungaricus Kretzoi, 1941 (KRETZOI 1941). Data of sin. et dext. M3 are included in Table 1.

4. Dunaföldvár-Göbölj ár ás

Upper Paleolithic Site

In the southern vicinity of Dunaföldvár a skeleton of a young mammoth calf was washed out by rain from the ditch of a road called Göböljárás in 1934 (CSALOGOVITS 1936). The skeleton was lying on its left side in autochthonous position on a surface consisting of burned charcoal. The left side of the skull Is heavily damaged. The praemaxilla was broken off during the rescue excavation. Presently the skeleton of the mammoth calf is exhibited in situ in the Balogh Ádám Museum at Szekszárd (lnv.no,: 1.935).

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