Ihász István - Pintér János szerk.: Történeti Muzeológiai Szemle: A Magyar Múzeumi Történész Társulat Évkönyve 8. (Budapest, 2008)
II. Közlemények - Módszertan - Műhely - Tamás Edit: A Tokaj-hegyaljai német telepítések a 18. században
FUKER, Friedrich Jakob 1790. Versuch des Tokayer Gebürges. Wien. LENGYEL Imre 1969. A rátkai német telep. In: Herman Ottó Múzeum Evkönyve VIII. Miskolc. NAGY, Ludovicus 1828. Notitiae politico-geographica-statisticae inclyti regni Hungáriáé. Buda. PESTY Frigyes Helynévtára 1864. Országos Széchényi Könyvtár Kézirattár. Sárospatak és vidéke 1933. Szerk.: Gulyás József és Kántor Mihály. Bp. Sáros-Patak hajdan Szabad-Királyi, sokszor királynéi, most mezővárosnak Történetei 1818. In: Tudományos Gyűjtemény 5. Sárospatak. SZIRMAY Antal 1803. Notitia Topographica Politica inclyti Comitatis Zempleniensis. Buda. TAMÁS Edit 2006. Volt egyszer egy Józseffalva. Sárospatak. Zemplén-vármegye és Sátoraljaújhely város. Szerk.: Borovszky Samu. Bp. The German Settlements of Tokay in the 18 1 Century Edit Tamás The 18 n century was a century of great population movement in Hungary. In the North-East, in the Zemplén Hills and at the foot of Tokay hill, both spontaneous immigration and organised settlement altered the ethnic composition of the region's villages (Slovaks, Ruthenians, Germans). The Germans arrived in two waves from the Rhine and Southern Baden. The first wave was a private undertaking by a landowner. Arrivals at the Sárospatak and Regéce estates of Duke János Vilmos Trautson were planned. Settlements of around 150-200 people were created. A plains settlement was created near Rátka Szerencs. Hercegkút and Károlyfalva are clearance settlements separated from the town limits of Sárospatak. The explanation for the settlement of German peasants was threefold. The population of depopulated areas and commencement of work. Strengthening of the Catholic faith in a traditionally Protestant region. The spread of the German people to outlying provinces. The second wave of Germans, which affected Rátka, Józseffalva, Hosszúláz, Sima and Abaújszántó, arrived at cameral estates at the foot of Tokay Hill during the reign of Joseph II (1780-1790) under state supervision. This settlement is characterised by competence and organisation. The settlers were chosen and their settlement executed with greater care. The sites were staked out and houses constructed in advance: all the settlers had to do was move in. Not only the homesteads but the farmland and meadowland were measured out. They received equipment, tools and livestock. Tax exemption was also extended from 3-6 to 8-12 years. Due to the guarantee of land, a homestead and equipment the new settlers were assured a quality of life much better than in the areas whence they had come. Those villages connected to the market towns later became attached to the larger settlements; to this day, Rátka, Hercegkút and Károlyfalva have preserved their German character.
