Gulyás Éva: Egy őszi pásztorünnep és európai párhuzamai: Adatok a Vendel-kultusz magyarországi kutatásához – Szolnok megyei múzeumok közleményei 42. (1986)

imigrant German-speaking families settled down in the villages of the Pilis-hills. German immigrants arrived from the region of Frankfurt, Bavaria, Rhineland, and Austria. The intensive existence of veneration of Wendelinus can be ascribed to the culture-mediating influence of German immigrants. The Wendelinus chapels of Perbál and Biatorbágy (county of Pest), colonized by Germans, date back to the beginning of the 19th century. In the villages of the Budaland and of the Pilis, inhabited by Germans, alter statues of the saint in rococo and baroque style are frequent. In the south of the Transdanubium, in the county of Baja some German villages also give honour to Wendelinus. In Németboly, county of Baranya, a livestock market is held on the day of Wendelinus. Processional honour is given to him in several townships in the county of Zala. In Sárvár (county of Somogy) pastoral services are held. In the vicinity of Szombathely Wendelinus-relics are encountered rather rarely, which can be explained by the strong Leonard-traditions of the area. The village of Máriagyüd (county Baranya), the centre of the sacral life of South-Transdanubium, is a popular site of processions. The congregation used to offer here small votive statues with figures of animals, made of iron or wax, the so-called offerings, to Mary or in veneration of Leonard or Wendelinus, patrons of animals, for the health of their animals. The offerings portraged the animal forms appropriate for the given purpose: horses, pigs, sheep, cattle, hens, etc. The votive statues were placed onto the altars of the churches by the congregation. Saint Wendelinus's small leaden statue was carried along by the processioners. Many sacrificial statues of animals can also be found in Leonard chapels in the Transdanubium. The custom is known primarily from among the German-speaking inhabitants of the Transdanubium and of county Bács. Simulatenous to the introduction of the veneration to Wendelinus in the Transdanubium, the first relich objects of the cult also occur in the eastern part of Hungary, from the second half of the 18th century on. In the northeastern region, among the Palots (a Hungarian ethnic group in the counties of Heves, Nógrád and to an extent is Borsod) Saint Wendelinus gained extreme popularity. This area, moreover the adjacent Jazygia, reaching down to the Plains and also part of the county of Szolnok, belonged to the diocese of Eger that was one of the „citadels" of Catholicism and of baroque in Hungary in the 17—18th centuries, with the centre being the town of Eger. The first one to spread the veneration to Saint Wendelinus among the Palots was Ferenc Barkóczy (1710-1765), 140