Gulyás Katalin et al. (szerk.): Tisicum. A Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok megyei Múzeumok évkönyve 28. (Szolnok, 2020)

Restaurálás - Szatmáriné Bakonyi Eszter et al.: Szarmata kori fibulák restaurálása a Magyar Képzőművészeti Egyetem iparművészeti restaurátor képzésén

SZATMÁRINÉ BAKONYI ESZTER - NAGY MELINDA - BÍRÓ VERONIKA - BOTKA MÁTYÁS - HORVÁTH CSABA - MÁTÉKA LÁSZLÓ - SZABÓ MELINDA -SZECSKÖ DIÁNA: SZARMATA KORI FIBULÁK RESTAURÁLÁSA A MAGYAR KÉPZŐMŰVÉSZETI EGYETEM IPARMŰVÉSZETI RESTAURÁTOR KÉPZÉSÉN

Eszter Bakonyi Szatmáriné - Melinda Nagy - Veronika Biró - Mátyás Botka - Csaba Horváth - László Mátéka - Melinda Szabó - Diána Szecskő:

The restoration of fibulae from the Sarmatian period in the Applied Arts Object Conservation Program at the Hungarian University of Fine Art)

The paper presents the restoration of the five fibulae that were found during excavations by the Damjanich János Museum, a work which was carried out in the 2017-18 school year with students in their second year in the Applied Arts Object Conservation Program organized jointly by the Hungarian National Museum and the University of Fine Arts. The course was held by Eszter Bakonyi Szatmáriné and Melinda Nagy, restorers of the Hungarian National Museum. Apart from the processes of restoration, the observations preceeding them and the results of the examinations can also be found in the paper, firstly in the case of four bronze fibulae covered in enamel. The states of the fibulae, that had been cast and decorated with enamel, were similar when they were found. Under their surface contaminated by dirt, different colorful products of corrosion of copper could be observed. The corrosion of chloride endangering the objects could be localized with a humidity chamber test. The enamel parts were missing or loosened or partly fallen out at several locations.

The cleaning of the brooches happened mechanically with a scalpel under a microscope, and in some cases with an ultrasonic scaler. In order to consolidate the fragile, falling out pieces, different concentrations of

Paraloid B72 (methachrylate copolymer) solutions were used. In order to stop the corrosion of chloride, a solution of benzotriazole and ethyl alcohol was used. The protective coating of the fibulae was made with a 5% solution of Paraloid B72.

The methods used in restoring the silver round fibula differed from the previous ones, as it was different both in its composition and the they way it had been made. The identification of its materials was carried out with a microchemical test and a portable X-ray fluorescence spectometer (p-XRF). The complex technique of the making of the fibula unfolded gradually during the cleaning process, all of which is described in detail. The amber decorating the fibula, the preservation of the remaining textile on its surface, and the material in its inside all made it necessary that the dissolution of the products of corrosion do not happen by chemical immersion, but by a method that can be used locally, with a complexing agent mixed with agar-agar gel. The weakened material was glued at several locations with a 20% Paraloid B72. Eventually the surface of the fibula was covered with a mixture of methacrylate copolymer and Poly (vinyl acetate).

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