Csányi Marietta et al. (szerk.): Tisicum - A Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok Megyei Múzeumok Évkönyve 25. (Szolnok, 2016)
Településrégészet - Mali Péter: Changing settlement patterns int he Bronze Age Tiszazug
TISICUM XXV. - TELEPÜLÉSRÉGÉSZET Figure 1: Bronze Age sites in the Tiszazug Age, Tumulus and Gáva cultures. It has to be mentioned as this data is mostly survey data that there are many sites were the fragments from the surface were not enough to identify the archeological culture of the site exactly, so we have many Early Bronze Age, unknown culture and so on, sites. Other problem with the data source is that the surface finds, if they are relatively common pieces, can lead to wrongly classified sites, like Kunszentmáron-Gyalu-puszta II, where the survey indicated Early Bronze Age materials, but the probe excavation of 2015 showed a scarce Late Bronze Age, Tumulus Period site instead.9 Early Bronze Age There are only a few sites that could be fit into an archaeological culture certainly. What can be seen from the data that we have is that in the beginning of the Early Bronze Age the Makó culture had only a few scattered sites on the edges of the loess and sand plateau of the middle part of the region, but this period is represented by only six certain sites. The later period, Early Bronze Age 3 has two cultures here: the early Hatvan and the Nagyrév cultures. The early Hatvan culture sites are concentrated at the border of Tiszaug and Tiszasas and at Szelevény, while the Nagyrév sites have three concentration, one in the Nagyrév-Zsidóhalom area, another one at Csépa, the third at the fringes of the Kékes-Lapos part of Kunszentmárton. In this period the picking of site places doesn’t seem to have any connection to the soil types, as there are sites on clay, loess, sand and aleurite as well. The closely not identifiable sites have two concentration in the territory of Öcsöd, one at the western edge of the Öcsöd loess plateau, the other at the northern edge following the edge of the Tiszaföldvár loess plateau and a small loess outcropping on the other side of the Körös. There are two other concentrations of unidentifiable Early Bronze Age sites, on the edge of the central loess plateau at Tiszakürt surrounding a known Makó culture site, the other one is at the outer parts of Nagyrév. The rest are scattered sites on the edges of the loess plateaus of southern and northern Kunszentmárton and Cserkeszőlő and on the small heights of the southern flood region. Based on the very narrow habitational preference of the Makó culture, there are 12 sites that can be identified as Makó from the unknown period sites, like the site concentration at Cserkeszőlő or the scattered sites at southern Kunszentmárton and northern Öcsöd, with unknown culture sites at Nagyrév, Szelevény or northern Kunszentmárton are more likely to belong to the Early Bronze Age 3 period as they are on lower altitudes and situated on fluvial aleurite and clay instead of loess and sand. 9 Along with a very intensive Late Neolithic Tisza culture and a Late Sarmatian settlement. 288
