Gulyás Katalin et al. (szerk.): Tisicum - A Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok Megyei Múzeumok Évkönyve 22. (Szolnok, 2013)
Történettudomány - Törőcsik István: Városfalból várfal – a szegedi vár kialakulása
TÖRŐCSIK ISTVÁN: VÁROSFALBÓL VÁRFAL - A SZEGEDI VÁR KIALAKULÁSA VASS Előd 1979. A szegedi és csongrádi náhije 1548. évi török adóösszeírása. In: Tanulmányok Csongrád megye történetéből 1. (Szerk.: FARKAS József) Szeged. 5-80. VERESS D. Csaba 1986. A szegedi vár. Budapest. István Tórőcsik From a city wall to a castle wall - the formation of the castle of Szeged Over the past fifteen years several parts of the brick castle in the city of Szeged, finally pulled down in 1881 -82, with four corner towers and great area, have been excavated. Researchers are divided about the date of the building of the castle. The existence of the castle can be justified by certificates from the 14th and 15th century, however several independent contemporary authors believe that it was built by the Turks upon the order of Suleyman in the years before 1552. Upon examining the sources, it can be determined that during the first half of the 16th century in the military actions that affected Szeged, the castle played no role at all, these sources do not even mention it. The medieval castrum and the castle built by the Turks cannot be the same; the former disappeared from the sources by the end of the 15th century. Based upon credible depictions that date back to the 17th and 18th century, it can be stated that the northern and western walls of the castle show structural unity with the joining earthwork bordering the medieval city center of Szeged, while the more fortified southern wall physically divides the medieval city, its erection can be contributed to the Turkish. The assumption that the castle of Szeged known from the depictions was erected in two periods as the Turkish amendment of an incomplete castle wall can be supported by further data. On the northern gate tower of the castle there was a constructional inscription, which said that the city was surrounded by walls as donation from the archbishop of Esztergom in 1524. Among others, they used the stones of the ruins of monastery of Dorozsma, that is where the Agnus Dei type depiction, the “stone sheep” might have got in the western wall, along with the cambered salient decoration in the north-western corner tower from the Roman Age. The big building in the middle of the then castle yard, described as the castle church by the excavators, can be identified as the parish church of part of the city that was located inside the castle supplemented with a hospital. By building the southern wall between 1548 and 1552, the Turks created the second castle of Szeged, but they could not complete the construction until the castle was retaken in 1552, which is demonstrated by the fact that at that time the southern side of the castle did not have a ditch. The fact that the architectural parallels of the south-western corner tower can be found in the central areas of the Osman Empire also supports the Turkish origin of the southern wall. 465
