Folia Historico-Naturalia Musei Matraensis - A Mátra Múzeum Természetrajzi Közleményei 16. (1991)

Kertész, R.: Preliminary report on the research of Early Holocene period in the NW part of Great Hungarian Plain

the implements was made of hydroquartzites from the Mátra Mts. and only one obsidian core was found. The implements found at Bárca I in Eastern Slovakia (PROŐEK 1959) have numerous similar features to the implements in Jászberény. In the Bárca material the following elements refer ^„connections with the Jászberény,finds; the blade point with arched.truncature , an obliquely truncated blade , worked and unworked microblades and among geometric.microliths isoscele and asymmetrical triangles and also an atypical trapeze . The Bárca industry was made exceptionally of obsidian. In SW Slovakia at the site Sered I a variegated tool assemblage made first of all of radiolarites includes, like the Jászberény I site, several types of microlithic tools, eg. scrapers, borers, bec-de-flute and lateral burin types, blade points with arched truncature, retouched blades, notched pieces, isoscele and asymmetrical triangles, trapezes and crescents (BARTA 1957. 5-72, 1965. 159-161, T. LXII-LXIII., 1972. 57-69, 1973. 53-64, 75, 1981. 295-299). Smoothedged blades are present, among them supermicrolithic pieces as well, in a great number at Sered I. The ratio of retouched blades is insignificant. Yet the Sered I industry differs from the Jászberény tool assemblage in several respects. At our site certain tool-groups e.g. end-scrapers, circular scrapers, several types of points, blades with a convex truncature at their distal parts, denticulated pieces, backed blades are absent so far while they are present at Sered I. Furthermore there is also difference between the two sites as regards the ratio of the tools represented at both places. It is possible that the Jászberény finds have some contacts also with the tools found at another site in SW Slovakia, at Dolna Streda (BÂRTA 1959, 241246, 256, 1965. 161, T. LXIV., 1972. 69-70, 1973. 64-65, 1981. 295). CONCLUSIONS The cultural position of analogous Mesolithic sites in the N part of the Carpathian Basin is judged differently by different authors. Namely Ciumesti II is claimed to be an Epitardigravettian site (KOZ-tOWSKI, J. K. 1973. 321, 330), Bárca I to be a Beuron-Coincy site (KOZtOWSKI, S.K. 1981. 301) and Sered I is considered to be Sauveterrian (BÁRTA 1981. 296). Some experts already called attention to the presence of certain similarities between some of these sites. J. Bárta established the so-called Tisza valley Mesolithic and the Sered culture (BÄRTA 1972, 1973, 1981) and J.K. Koziowski and S.K. Koziowski determined the main tendencies of Central European Mesolithic (KOZIOWSKI, J.K. 1973, KOZtOWSKI, J. K. - KOZtOWSKI, S. K. 1979, 1983, KOZ-tOWSKI, S.K. 1973, 1981). The above-mentioned Late Mesolithic settlements of the Carpathian Basin, including also Jászberény I, may belong to the same chronological horizon, namely to the end of the Boreal and to the Early Atlantic period. A common feature of the majority of these Late Mesolithic industries is besides several other intercultural relations, the presence of trapeze. Trapeze turns up in this region at about 6000 B.C. (KOZtOWSKI, S.K. 1976). Evolutionary tendencies prevailing all over this region and within this period refer most probably to the existence of intensive cultural interactions among the above-mentioned sites NOTES 1. The costs cf fiald surveys wore corvcred by the Economic Experts' Comnites cf the Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County Scientific Coordination Committee. I express my nany thanks for their support here. ?.. I discovered the site together with Gyula KERÉKGYARTÚ on the 11th of March, 1990. I should like to express my many thanks for his efforts. 3. There are no connections between the Mesolithic and the Neolithic settlement features, neither has the Mesolithic lithic industry any connections with the Neolithic finds.The nearness of Neolithic lovality does not queries the authenticity of the Mesolithic finds because the material of the two periods are separated horizontally, they are not nixed up with each other. For example at Dolna Streda in W Slovakia there were also Neolithic settlement features besides the Mesolithic ones (BÄRTA 1959). In the Jászberény I site also Celtic and Arpadian age ceramic fragments were found as stray finds besides the Neolithic ones. 42 I