Folia Historico-Naturalia Musei Matraensis - A Mátra Múzeum Természetrajzi Közleményei 13. (1988)

SZATHMÁRY, L.: The Boreal (Mesolithic) peopling in the Carpathian Basin: the role of the peripheries

2) ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCES a) The Hungarian Great Plain As regards the central plain territory of the Carpathian Basin the first figure speaks for itself: Mesolithic remains are virtually missing. The three settlings which seem to be authentic take positions close to the peripheries (Ciumesti II, Hajdukovo-Peres and BaCka Palanka) and can be dated to the Boreal or the early Atlantic. The lithic industry was of an atypical Tardenoisien character. 1) Ciumesti II (NICOLALESCU-PLOPSOR 1964, PÄUNESCU 1964, COMSA 1973) 2) Hajdukovo-Peres (BRUKNER 1967) 3) BaCka Palanka (BRUKNER 1967) The lithic industry of the further findpots only suggests to belonging to the Mesolithic cultures. 4) Tarpa-Márki farm (SZATHMÁRY 1977, 1978, DOBOSI 1983) 5) Tarpa-Kishegy-Szipa bank (SZATHMÁRY 1977), (Fig. 3) 6-8) Berea I, IX, XVI (NICOLALESCU-PLOPSOR 1964, PÄUNESCU 1964, C0MÇA 1973) 9) Valea lui Mihai (NIC0U\ŒSDU-PL0PS0R 1964, COMSA 1973) 10) Hugyalj-Érpatak (HILLEBRAND 1925) 11) Nagyléta (SZATHMÁRY 1978) 12) Hajdúbaoos-Pasture (SZATHMÁRY 1978) 13) Tószeg-Aldozó hill (HILLEBRAND 1925) However, it is striking how much the localities suspectable of being of Mesolithic character become more dense alongside the former bed of the river Ér, as if constituting a transitional area (through the Upper Palaeolithic - Mesolithic findspots at Tarpa) towards the northeastern periphery

. b) The Northeastern Periphery The most important archaeological relics of the Mesolithic of the Carpathian Basin are known from the region of the rivers Uzh (Uh) and Latoritsa (Latorica) (Zakarpatskii Region, Soviet Union), where systematic researches started in the second half of the 1970's mainly by MATSKEV0Ï and his collagues. As a result it came to light that this region was intensively populated from the Dryas III to the Atlantic. As we can conclude from the archaeological, stratigraphie, palaeofaunistic and vegetation-historical data of 30 localities a variegated Mesolithic lithic industry rooted, in most cases, in local Palaeolithic traditions developed in the inner foreground of the Carpathians (CHERNISH 1981, MATSKEV0Ï 1987a) The list of the localities is as follows: 14) Kamyanitsa I - Blizhniï bereg (MATSKEVOÏ 1978, 1987a, 1987b, 1987c, MATSKEV0Ï and BONDAR 1979, ALEKSANDR0V0KIÏ and MATSKEVOÏ 1986, CHERNISH 1981) 15) Kamyanitsa II- Visokiï bereg (MATSKEV0Ï 1978, 1985b, 1987a, 1987b, 1987c, ALEKSANDR0V0KIÏ and MATSKEVOÏ 1986, CHERNISH 1981) 16) Kamyanitsa III - (MATSKEV0Ï 1985a, 1987a) 17) Kamyanitsa IV - (MATSKE

V0Ï 1978, 1987a, CHERNISH 1981) 18) Kamyanitsa V - (MATSKEV0Ï 1985a, 1986, 1987a, 1987b, 1987c, ALEKSANDR0V0KIÏ and MATSKEVOÏ 1986, MATSKEV0Ï and GUNEVSKTÏ 1906) 19) Nevitskoe I - (MATSKEVOÏ and ARTYUKH 1974, CHERNISH 1981) 20) Perechin I - (PENYAK 1980, MATSKE0VÏ 1987a) 21-23) Konoplevtsy I-III (MATSKEV0Ï 1987a) 24) Steklyannaya guta I (MATSKEVOÏ 1987a) 25) Steklyannaya guta II (MATSKEVOÏ 1987a) 26-23) Vorochevo I-III (MATSKEVOÏ 1987a, 1987b) 29) Mukachevo VI (MATSKEVOÏ 1986, 1987a) 30) Chinadievo I (MATSKEVOÏ and ARTYUKH 1974, CHERNISH 1931) 31) Svalyava I (PENYAK 1980, MATSKEVOÏ 1987a) 32-33) Velikil Rakovets I-II - Vinogradar kolkhoz (MATSKEVOÏ and ARTYUKH 1975, CHERNISH 1981) 34) Khust I MATSKEVOÏ 1975, MATSKEVOÏ and ARTYUKH 1974) 35) Mukachevo VIII - Vysokaya gora (MATSKEVOÏ et al. 1976) 36) Glubokoe I - Kholmitskaya gora (MATSKEVOÏ and BONDAR 1979, MATSKEVOÏ 1986, 1987a) 37) Dibrovka I (P0TUSHNYAK 1980, MATSKEVOÏ 1987a) 38-41) Serednee I-IV (MATSKEVOÏ et al. 1976, MATSKEVOÏ 1906, 1937a) 42) Uglya I - Malaya ugolka (MATSKEVOÏ 1975, MATSKEVOÏ and ARTYUKH 1975, CHERNISH 1981) 43) Uzhgorod I - Radvanska gora I (S0VA 1964, MA1SKEV0Í 1987a) Two of the findspots are of primary importance. The older period is represented most entirely by the material of the locality Kamyanitsa V (18) of Preboreal-Boreal age. While the