Folia Historico-Naturalia Musei Matraensis - A Mátra Múzeum Természetrajzi Közleményei 5. (1978-1979)

Szathmáry, L.: A zaránki neolitikus csontváz

the cross section of the diaphysis is HRDL1CKA'

s type 1, or KNUSSMANN's types 2-3. The olecranon is high, and the incisura trochlearis is very open, similar to KNUSSMANN's type 3. The curvedness is KNUSSMANN's type 7. The crista m. supinatoris has a crested surface, and it is firm. It emerges right from below the rim of the incisura radialis. Phalanx proximalis manus IV dextra. The dorsal part of the corpus is round (cylindrical). A sharp margo lateralis et medialis characterize the palmary surface, and they form a tuberositas on both sides nearby the corpus. Vertebrae. The vertebrae are masculine and strong. The processus costarius of Lumb. II. is massive (+ + + ). In the case of dorsal vertebrae, the processus spinosus bends to the right (+), whereas in that of the Lumb. Ill slightly to the left (0 - +). Coe

tae

. IX.d. et s., as well as VIII. d. : with a well-isolated wide sulcus ( + + + ). XI. s. : marked angulus-reliefs. The ribs are slightly arched, and the chest is wide. Patella dextra

. Two longitudinal protuberances divide the facies articularis into three parts (pars medialis, pars intermedia, pars lateralis). The angle enclosed by the pars medialis and pars lateralis is 97° (short). Fibula dextra. The apex slightly protrades ( + ). The margos are strong, as a result of which the cross section of the middle of diaphysis is similar to HRDLICKA's type 3b, but is more robust (variants 3b - 3). Calcaneus dexter

. The facies articularis talaris anterior et media is connected, narrow, and long; the lateral rim is also connected. The sulcus calcanei is deep and wide ( + + + ). Between the facies articularis talaris posterior et media it is as wide as the facies articularis media. The flexor muscles of the big toe must have been developed, for the sulcus musculus flexoris hallucis longi is very deep and marked ( + + + + ). The lateral side is unindented (0 - +). Ossa metatarsi dexter

. The margo plantaris is generally highly marked ( + + + ), the sulcus medialis being definite. Subcapitalis IV. has a considerable degree of curvedness ( + + + ). THE RECONSTRUCTION OF STATURE AND PHYSIQUE The body height of the individual was reconstructed by seven procedures, as follows: the table given by BREITINGER (1938), the regressive formula relating to europids provided by DUPERTUIS and HADDEN (1951), the table given by MANOUVRIER (1893), the regressive formula worked out by PEARSON (1899), the regressive formula elaborated by STEVENSON (1929), the table given by TELKKA (1950), and the table related to europids set up by TROTTER and GLESER (1952). The representation of the reconstruction is 0.3 or 0.4 (SZATHMÁRY 1976). The values determined on the basis of the length of the humerus and the fibula are close. From the size of the radius greater body height than this can be calculated in all possible cases. Since the elements of the upper limb do not reveal such a close correlation with body height as elements of the lower limb, the body height values corresponding to the radius are presumably higher than in reality. (It is well-known that by means of Dupertuis and Hadden's as well as Stevenson's procedure higher values can be calculated.) The smallest intrinsic difference can be achieved by the method outlined by BREITINGER (1938), for it is the constitutional déviances of the BREITINGER-series that stand closest to those of the individual from Zaránk. This method gives a body height of 175.2 cm, thus it is this method that gives the most reliable results. This also means, at the same time, that the man from Zaránk is Hungary's tallest Neolithic individual hitherto known (cf.: SZATHMÁRY 1975). Details of the reconstruction of body height call attention to the phenomenon that the most characteristic feature of the constitution is the relatively long forearm. The value of the humero-radial index (80. 6) also proves this, for the upper limb is dolichokerk. On the basis of quantitative and qualitative type variations, according to SCHNEIDER'S (1944) and ULLRICH'S (1966) methods, it represents a specific constitutional type, namely athletic (KRETSCHMER 1961) or mesomorph (SHELDON 1940). 140