Agria 41. (Az Egri Múzeum Évkönyve - Annales Musei Agriensis, 2005)
Domboróczki László: A háromszögletű AVK-fejek szimbolikája
We subsequently tried to analyse the figurai representations in relation to the Körös origins of the Szatmár Group. Apart from listing the above-mentioned formal similarities, we wanted to emphasise the importance of common Anatolian-Balkan origins in fertility symbolism: "Indeed, the idols found in the Körös Culture and the Szatmár Group bear noticeable similarities, something noted by N. Kalicz and J. Makkay in connection with the finds at Méhtelek? 2 More recently evidence of flat-bodied idols from sites dated to the Szatmár period has also been published. 22 The similarities are further proved by the bull figurines, known as centaurs, which we know from the most recent of the Szatmár Group sites. 24 We don't have to go far 25 in search of the forerunners of these bull sculptures as they can also be found in the Körös Culture finds. 26 Bull figurines also appear in a stylised form at Szolnok-Szanda. 21 On one of the bull representations at Gubakút female breasts are depicted. 2 * Because of this mixture of male and female attributes it has been called a fertility statue. It is a composition of a type which can also be found on the walls of one of the shrines at Çatal Hüyük, 29 for example, although quite clearly taking abstraction to new levels. We believe that A. Whittle is correct when he says that the phallic-steatopyg statues in the Körös Culture can also be counted among the male-female fertility statues, albeit at a different level of abstraction.^ The centaurs probably signify bulls. It may be the case that the triangular head signifies the same kind of stylised bull's head as the log heads at Szanda, Szajol, Obesenyo and Szentpéterszeg. 32 Nándor KALICZ-János MAKKAY 1976. 18. 33 Emese Gyönyvér NAGY 1988. 126. fig. 36. Looking at the finds from site no. 1 in Polgár one can indeed see many ALP characteristics, although crucially what has been published so far from Újtikos still shows signs of the Körös Culture (Emese Gyönyvér NAGY 1998. 121-125., 138-150.). 34 Mezólcövesd-Mocsolyás: Nándor KALICZ-Judit KOÓS 1997b. 165. ills. 19-21.; FüzesabonyGubakút: László DOMBORÓCZKI 1997a. 163. ills. 38-40. 35 Vin6a parallels: Rajac-Donje Grbice (Dragoslav SREJOVIC 1988. 88.), Vitkovacko PoljeAleksandrovac (Dragoslav SREJOVIC 1988. 106.) Staréevo-TLP parallels: SzentgyörgyvölgyPityerdomb (Eszter BÁNFFY 2002.). 36 Ida KUTZIÁN 1944. XLVII/17.; Pál RACZKY 1980. 16. ill. 1-2. The figures referred to probably depict bulls, despite the fact that the Gubakút figures differ somewhat in form from the Mocsolyás figures. On the Körös Culture animal figures one can usually find a small cupped or flattened part or a small hole on their back. One can also see other animals depicted such as goats and other unidentifiable four-legged creatures. Perhaps here it is not the sort of animals that is most significant, but the additional meanings the figures gain through their decoration or other applications. (Eszter BÁNFFY 2001. 61.) This is a characteristic also found in the Szatmár Group figurines. 37 Nándor KALICZ-Pál RACZKY 1981b. 7-12.; Pál RACZKY 1988. 17. ill. 1. The MezólcövesdMocsolyás horn can also be mentioned as an analogy (Nándor KALICZ-Judit KOÓS 1997b. 32.). 38 László DOMBORÓCZKI 1997a. 22. ill. 5. 39 David OATES-Joan OATES 1993. 91. ill. 98. 40 Alasdair WHITTLE 1998. 140. 24
