Vaday Andrea – Bánffy Eszter – Bartosiewicz László – T. Biró Katalin – Gogältan Florin – Horváth Friderika – Nagy Andrea: Kompolt-Kistér : Újkőkori, bronzkori, szarmata és avar lelőhely Leletmentő ásatás az M+-as autópálya nyomvonalán (Eger, 1999)

The site of Kompolt, Kistér

366 THE SITE OF KOMPOLT, KISTÉR ous signs of skinning. This piece is important because rodent bones are often considered secondary deposits, formed by intrusive, burrowing individuals. These two rare archaeozoological finds represent two special cultural aspects of animal exploitation in Roman Period Barbaricum. On the one hand, the camel tibia potentially reflects long distance contacts, while the skinning of hamsters is more characteristic of localised Sarmatian Period subsistence customs. NOTES 1 The four Bronze Age features are too few to be evaluated from this point of view. 2 e.g. GLÄSER 1993., Chapter 14, LENNEIS 1995, 1729. A very close example to this is the site of Füzesabony - Gubakút, also along the path of the M3 Motorway: DOMBORÓCZKI 1997. 19-21. 3 See relevant tables: KAL1CZ-MAKKAY 1977. pp. 7478. 4 KOREK 1960, Table 4. 5 KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977. p. 36-37. 6 KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977. p. 36-37. 7 KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977. p. 39. 8 Good parallels to the Kompolt 14 finds are known from the sites of Tiszadob - Ókenéz, Tiszavasvári Keresztfal and Tiszavasvári - Paptelekhát among sherds with plastic decorations (KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977. Tables 37-39; 60; Table 82). 9 Some such vessels are known, for example, from the site of Bodrogkeresztúr- Széchenyi (Wolkenstein) park (KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977. Figure 172/4). 1

0 KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977. distribution map on p. 44. "KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977. p. 46, see for example the biconical vessels from Onga, Abaújdevecser and Sárazsadány - Templomdomb: Figure 172/1,3,4; additional parallels to the Bükk finds from Kompolt 14: e. g. Boldogkő váralj a - Tekeres patak, Figure 98-100. Bundles of linear design were found on sherds from Bükkaranyos - Földvár (KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977. 113. kép). Parallels to this pattern at Kompolt 14 are known from Features 94 and 98-232. 1

2 KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977. p. 49. 1

3 D. MATUZ 1984. 1

4 KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977. p. 50, D. MATUZ 1984. pp. 20-21. 1

5 G. SZÉNÁSZKY 1979. Several sites from the southern section of the Great Hungarian Plain are mentioned in the tabulated list by KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977, that summarizes the occurrence of Szilmeg import finds recovered from Szakáihát environments and vice versa. Szakáihát imports occur commonly at Szilmeg culture sites of the Upper Tisza Region pp. 193-214. 1

6 e.g. Felsőtárkány - Várhegy, Eger - Kiseged, Bükkaranyos - Földvár 1

7 GOLDMAN 1984., G. SZÉNÁSZKY 1979., HEGEDŰS 1981., HEGEDŰS 1982-83. 1

8 KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977. p. 106. 1

9 KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977. pp. 162-163, Figure 41 showing two pits. 2

0 MAKKAY 1982. pp. 57-58. 2

1 for example, the initial tell formation at Öcsöd: RACZKY et al. 1985., RACZKY 1986. HEGEDŰS 1982-83. p. 42 listed a number of tells in which a Szakáihát layer was found at the bottom. 2

2 KALICZ-MAKKAY 1977. p. 107. 2

3 Excavations also by Andrea Vaday. This is one of the rescue excavations that preceded the construction of the M3 Motorway. BÁNFFY-BIRÓ-VADAY 1997. 2

4 KALICZ 1989. p. 104, MÜLLER 1997. map. 2

5 HEGEDŰS 1982-83. pp. 22-28, p. 30. 2

6 HEGEDŰS 1982-83. p. 30, p. 34. 2

7 KALICZ 1989. p. 105. 2

8 T. BIRÓ 1997. Also see her contribution to this volume. 2

9 KALICZ 1994b. 3

0 Wattle and daub as construction material, is known from the Roman territory as well. Among others, Klára Kuzmová and Jan Raj tár found a wattle and daub wall at Izsa (Iza). Due to the lack of firing, wattle and daub bricks usually do not survive. At the site of Gyoma 133, only those survived which had been exposed to secondary firing. 3

1 Settlements excavated recently, with reliable observations, are used in this comparison: Újhartyán, Gyoma 133., Tiszaföldvár, Endrőd 170, Örménykút 52. 3

2 In the case of Late Sarmatian pits, this broad part is even larger: Tiszaföldvár, Örménykút, Hódmezővásárhely, Solt Palé I. and II. etc. 3

3 In both Chapter 7 and tables as well as graphs, differences in form are shown by an asterisk (*). 3

4 See VADAY et al. 1996. 74-76, Figure 7. 3

5 A similar phenomenon was observed at Ménfőcsanak during the course of rescue excavations related to the construction of Road, 83. There, the wells were dug into the loose sand in one section of the settlement. 3

6 In this graph the symbol "+A" was used to mark the presence of Avar materials. 3

7 The quantity of material in the fill of refuse pits is indicative of the amount of materials in the features of individual periods. In general, Avar Period refuse pits contain but little material at the site of Kompolt 14. The quantity of material is significantly higher in wells that were utilized as secondary refuse pits. In these