Dr. Fűköh Levente szerk.: Malakológiai Tájékoztató 16. (Eger, 1997.)
FŰKÖH, L.: Holocene climate changes as model of global climate change
1997 16: 17-22 Holocene climate changes a possible model of global climate change L. Fűköh Abstract: The author give a possible model of global changes according to the chnaging of Holocene mollusc associations. The mollusc used here as the base of the climatic reconstruction come to light from 7 Iacustrin, 2 fluviatil and 16 caves deposits. All of them were collected with microstratigraphical methods. There are lot of theories dealing with climate change of recent times. Hereinafter a probable model will be shown which could help in the interpretation of those processes by which modern climate changes are determined. There are great number of examples, given by the results of paleontological and geological examinations, which prove climate change of certain geographical units or even whole continents during Earth's history. Conclusions can be drawn from the analyses of these changes are important for the meteorologists in prognostisation of the scale of the probable and expectable changes. It is not accidental that databanks are established all over the world to store the objects and results of those paleoclimatological examinations which have been revealed by palaeontologists and geologists during the last few decades (Kordos, L. 1979). The increasing number of data call our attention for more and more insufficiency at the same time. While climate changes of earlier geological ages can be expounded more comprehensive, the events of recent past, rich in details, are full of difficulties from this point of view. In the following part I make an attempt to describe climate changes during the Holocene age /the last 10 000 thousand years in the Earth's history/ in Middle-Europe, can be traced by the help of quartermalacological examinations. Paleoclimatological investigations have begun at the beginning of this century in MiddleEurope, in the Carpathian Basin. It is proved by work of Cholnoky, issued is 1910, which summaries the results of examinations of postglacial climate changes. After it become continuos the publication of paleoclimatological data in the geological and paleontological literature. During these investigations developed methods like the "vole-thermometer" (Kretzoi, M.1957, Kordos, L.1983) which is used even today. This method like other methods in paleontology is based on the principle of actualism. There were attempt to develop a so called "malaco-thermometer" by Hungarian scientists. (Szöőr, Gy. - Sümegi, P. Hertelenedi, E. 1992.) The results of the next examinations is built on the succession of Holocene malacofaunae within the Carpathian basin. This eliminates those errors which is common in the case of methods which apply paleotemperature based on distributional data of certain species. Data of examinations originated from the surrounding territories of Central-Europe are also used (Lozek, V. 1976, 1982). During the last 20-25 years importance were attached to the analysis of paleocenosises in the case of the examined malacofaunae. In this way climate demand of not only certain stressed species was examined, but the change in the composition of associations were suitable for drawing conclusions.
