Nagy Emese Gyöngyvér - Dani János - Hajdú Zsigmond szerk.: MÓMOSZ II. (Debrecen, 2004)

Regenye Judit: Előzetes jelentés a Tihany-Óvárban folytatott feltárásról

JUDIT REGÉNYE PRELIMINARY REPORT OF TIHANY-ÓVÁR - RESCUE EXCAVATION BETWEEN 1999-2000 THE SITE Óvár, the cca 1 km long and 400 m wide plateau, at the north-eastern part of the Tihany peninsula, is a fortified settlement from the Late Bronze and Early and Late Iron Age, known since the last century. It is surrounded by a 1100-1200 m long rampart from the Late Iron Age. The protruding plateau, dominating the shores of the lake, can be seen from far away. Due to the natural cleft, the oval territory is open from East. Because of the steep hillside, there is no need for rampart. Between the steep hillside and the western side of the plateau, the surface is mounting with terraces. Tumuli, at the foot of the hill, were found from the early Iron Age. They refer to the one-time southwest gate of the castle, beside the present service road. At the northern part of the castle, there is an U-shaped smaller area with an east-west direction, and is bordered by a rampart and a ditch at the southern part. This separated area is obviously younger than the main rampart, and it is higher, too. THE EXCAVATION Because of settling a vineyard, we had to execute a rescue excavation in 1999-2000. All in all, we have explored a 1000m

2 wide area, a part of the settlement inside the castle of prehistoric times. We have come across 279 post holes, 21 bigger and 17 smaller pits, 10 houses and 3 ring shaped archaeological objects. The geological conditions made the exploration even more interesting, because the first level of the settlement was the natural, geyserite, surface, and the objects of the settlement were dug into this. We identified two main types of houses: a small quadrangle area, dug 5-10 cm deep into the natural surface, with post holes in the corners. The second type is a bigger house, surrounded by lines of post holes. RELATIVE CHRONOLOGY The earliest archaeological object is a pit from the 'tumulus culture" (final period of the Middle Bronze Age), at the bottom of which whole vases were found. The bigger part of the finds come from the Bronze Age (Urnfield culture) and from the early Hallstatt Age (HaC). The most interesting part of the finds is a house from the transitional period, HD3-La Tene A, with big, non-turned pots and vases. The youngest level is coming from the La Tène D period. This is the final cycle of life in the fortified settlement. ARCHAEOMETRY We analysed some materials for the anthracothomy. A. Grynaeus analysed the wooden remains and identified some species like Salix sp. And Quercus sp. (50-50 per cent). The bones of a cervus elaphus were found in a deep pit and was analysed by L. Bartosiewitz. There were no metal objects of real importance this is why we can state that this part of the settlement was not used for metal working. REGÉNYE JUDIT LACZKÓ DEZSŐ MÚZEUM 8201 VESZPRÉM, PF. 32.