Vezető a Déri Múzeum kiállításaihoz (Debrecen, 1978)

English Summary

In vitriné 6. faience pots are shown. Most of them are pots, simple floral and fruit ornamented dishes, jugs and vases made in Holies. The female-figural table spice-box represents the figurái pots made in a great number. Similarly, the cabbage-head form for dishes was popular. The other box of this type was already made in Buda, showing how accurately the mofits were copied. The pot having the form of a duck is marked with a Kosolnai badge. The popular Veronical holy-water stoops were made in Stomfa. The faience making began to decline at the end of the 18th century, and was intensified by the appearence of the much harder stone-earthen vessels and by their spreading widely. In Hungary the making of thohe earthenwarepots which were glazed on a higher degree of heat was first introduced in Holies, and this was followed by the factories in Kassa and Eperjes. There were some more factories making products of higher quality in Upper Northern Hungary, in the towns of Beszterce, Körmöcbánya, Igló, Murány and Rozsnyó. In Miskolc and Apátfalva, later in Telkibánya and Hollóháza folksy ornamented earthenware pots were made. There were also some factories in Transylvania. In Transylvania pots of the highest quality were made in Batiz. The displayed pieces are the products of Upper Northern Hungary almost without exception, since to Debrecen pots in large quantities were brought from these factories. Among the dishes and plates the one of the highest level is a square dish made in Holies with a copperpulled picture presenting mythological scenes very popular in the 18th century. The plates from Beszterce are similarly ornamented. From the other, daly used plates, made in Kassa, Igló and Miskolc, the reticulated and ornamented with wicker-work ones are remarkable. The dish from Szilvás with sunbeam ornamentation is an outstanding one. The utensils, jars, spice-boxes and sauce-cups, seen in the next vitriné, reflect classicist forms. The little saucepans from Kassa and the wicker-basket are finley wrought. The containing pots ornamented with transfercipctures and monograms, having lion-bails, are typical. They were made in Igló and Murány. More special pieces are the table spice-boxes with their reticulated, wicker-worked ornamentation painted blue. Hungarian china production started relatively late, only in the 19th century. The main cause of this was that the court wanted to protect the china factory in Wien, which had a privilege in the Austrian provinces being an imperial property, from accidental market competitions. In our exhibition pots of lower level can be seen which were made in Bretzenheim Ferdinand's factory in Regéc from the very beginning of the working of the factory. This well can be seen on their greenishwhite glaze. In the ornamentation of the pots, almost without exception, the very popular green of parsley motif can be seen which appears painted between two lines in the bosom of the soup-tureen, or on the rims of the plates and on the ink-pot. On an other souptureen the simple, so-called ranftl muster motif can be found. Besides the pots used in civic life the factory in Regéc produced popular forms as well. Of the Hungarian china factories the one in Herend has the greatest reputation. The material from Herend of the 424