A Debreceni Déri Múzeum Évkönyve 1988 (Debrecen, 1990)

Természettudomány - Szathmáry László: A Complex Way of the Reconstruction of Stature

result is not the average of statures calculated by different methods; the cases of constitutional similarity greater than the average count weightedly Description of the method The adoption of the principle made known above will be shown on the skeleton of SEMMELWEIS Ignác (1818—1865) the Hungarian obstetrician, who was the discoverer of aseptic treatment of wound. The skeleton was exhumed in Budapest in 1963. The length of the long bones were published by ВARTUCZ (1966). To start with the mean value of the stature was calculated by the methods of MANOUVRIER (1893), PEARSON (1899), BREITINGER (1938), TELKKÄ (1950), DUPERTUIS and HADDEN (1951), TROTTER and GLESER (1952) (see Table 1: values x

t| ). As we can see there are significant differences between these values. Next the deviation of the values of stature (and the associative values) corresponding to the long bones, from the mean value calculated above (x

tj ) was determined in absolute value by each method respectively. (For example, in the case of MANOUVRIER's method: 164.0—162.4=1.6; 164.2—184.0=0.2 etc.) The mean value of these deviations is signed with dX

t . Form the

% same basic data the mean value of deviation was, as well, determined according to each long bone. {For example, in the case of (humerus

: 166.4— 162.4=4.0.; 166.4—162.8=1.6. etc.; then the mean value of these was calculated.) These values were signed with dX. Then those values of stature were chosen the calculated differences of which_from the values x

t

, is less or identical with both the appropriate dX

t

and dX. - For instance, using MANOUVRIER's method the value of stature calculated from the humerus (162.4 cm) cannot be chosen as its difference (1.6 cm) from ШеХц{164.0 cm) exceeds both dX

t

{0.7) and dX (1.0); but the value of stature calculated from the radius (164.2 cm) is less (0.2 cm) than the average deviations calculated from the mean values (dX

t

=0.7 and dX=0.4). To avoid complications the associative values were not considered in this example. The values chosen according to the principle above are signed by asterics in Table 1. These are the cases in which the values of stature could be determined with less constitutional deviation than the average. It is interesting that there is no such case among the values of stature determined by the tables of TELKKÄ. The reason is that Semmelweis's constitutional ratios do not suit the constitutional ratios involved in this method. So the basic data gained by TELKKÄ's method cannot be used in the course of further analysis. Thereafter the mean values of the chosen values of stature (x

t

, ) were calculated and the tendencies referred to by the differences of the mean values of stature based on different basic data (Dx=Xf

2

—x*|)were explored. As it could be expected, the greater value of stature (in DUPERTUIS and HADDEN's method: it is 170.9 cm) showed a negative deviation (—0.3)' while the least value of stature (in MANOUVRIER's method: it is 164.3 cm) showed a positive deviation (+0.3). This fact draws attention to over-estimation in the previous case and under-estimation in the latter. Consequently, on the basis of the principle of constitutional similarity inner tendencies could be explored

: the calculated values themselves showed which ones of them are the most accute. In the final period of determina8Z