Arrabona - Múzeumi közlemények 9. (Győr, 1967)

Gabler D.: The earliest sigillatae of Arrabona

Karn. vagy Ovilava = Karnitsch, P., Die Reliefsigillata von Ovilava. (Linz, 1959) Knorr, Rottenburg = Knorr, R., Die verzierten Sigillata; Gefässe von RottenburgSumelocenna. (Stuttgart, 1910) Knorr, Rottw. = Knorr, R., Südgallische Terra Sigillata Gefässe von Rottweil. (Stuttgart, 1912) Knorr, Cannstatt = Knorr, R., Die verzierten Terra Sigillata Gefässe von Cannstatt und Köngen-Grinario. (Stuttgart, 1905) Knorr, T.u.F. = Knorr, R., Töpfer und Fabriken verzierter Terra Sigillata des ersten Jahrhunderts (Stuttgart, 1919) Knorr, SmTn Knorr 1952. = Knorr, R., Terra Sigillata Gefässe des ersten Jahrhunderts mit Töpfernamen. (Stuttgart, 1952) Th. May = May, Th. Catalogue of Roman Pottery in the Colchester and Essex Museum. (Cambridge, 1930) Ohl. mm Ohlenroth, L., 24/25 BdRGK (1934—35) 234—254. O. és Osw. = Oswald, F., Index of Figure Types on Terra Sigillata „Samian Ware". (Liverpool, 1936—37) Osw. Margidunum = Oswald, F., Terra Sigillata of Margidunum. (Nottingham, 1948) Osw., Index. = Oswald, F., Index of Potters' Stamps on Terra Sigillata (Margidunum, 1931) Osv., Intr. = Oswald, F., Introduction to the study of Terra Sigillata. (London, 1920) Simpson, Caerleon = Simpson, G., Caerleon and the Roman forts in Wales in the Second cenjtury A. D. Arch. Cambrensis (1963) Ulbert, Burghöfe = Ulbert, G., Die römische Kastelle Aislingen und Burghöfe. (Berlin, 1959) Urner, Schieitheim = Urner, H. — Astholz., Die römerzeitliche Keramik von Schieitheim 23 H. Schafhauser Beiträge zur vaterländischen Geschichte. (Thayngen, 1946) THE EARLIEST SIGILLATAE OF ARRABONA The ancient Arrabona, built on the site of the present city of Győr, used to be one of the most important auxiliary camps of the Danubian limes. Research is but defectively informed on this significant fortress; we posses but a few data on its extension, topography and historical periods. The cemeteries of Arrabona are known relatively better, their archaeological material is still unpublished nevertheless. Our study aims at gaining new information on the date of the occupation of Arrabona and its extension in the first century of our era, in the first place. We restricted our investigation to the finds which may be dated to the first century with certainty. In this connection the epigraphic arid numismatic material is significantly enriched by the sigiilatae which, though their majority has been brought to a museum in the second half of the last century already, are unpublished as far. The inscriptions mention the first units of occupation: the ala Pannoniorum and the ala I. Aravacorum; the first one may have been the garrison of Arrabona in the middle of the first century, probably in a transitory manner. Since these objects are derived from secondary sites, they cannot be used as topographical data. The first standing garrison of the camp was the ala I Augusta Ituraeorum: the tombstones of its soldiers have been uncovered in the eastern part of the City, in the surroundings of the so-called sand-pit (Homokgödrök) cemetery. The cemetery may have been situated in the neighbourhood of the camp at this time. The numismatic material, unearthed in Győr so far, contains also stray coins of the Republic. Some of the graves of the sand-pit cemetery are dated by the coins of the Iuiius-Claudius dynasty, their number is very limited nevertheless. In the times of Vespasian and Domitian the circulation of coins was much extended, also the sites are multiplicated and we are informed on the opening up of a new cemetery. Thus the epigraphic and numismatic material bears out the inference that Arrabona may have been occupied as early as in Claudius' time transitorily, a standing garrison, however, was quartered here in the age of the Flavii only. Judged by the finds, the canabae existed east of the Arrafoona earthwork as early as in the second half of the first century; from the age of the Flavii on the sand-pit cemetery is joined by. another one on Calvary Hill (Kálvária domb). 51