Arrabona - Múzeumi közlemények 7. (Győr, 1965)
Foltinyi I.: Prehistoric bronzes from Győr-Sopron County in the American Museum of Natural History in New York and their relationships
The bronze pin with domed head 27 and incised ornamentation (Plate 1, fig. 3) points again to the Urnfield Culture of Western Hungary, Austria and South Germany. From the area under discussion we have no good parallels for the example of Koroncó, but a pin from Szilsárkány 28 may be compared with it, though the neck of this latter specimen is thicker. E Patek and H. Müller —Karpe dated most of these pins in the second half ot the period Hallstatt A. S. Mithay also placed the piece of Szilsárkány in the period Hallstatt A. The beautiful sword with cupped pommel (Plate 1, fig. 1 a —c) has recently been treated by the present writer. 29 Here we refer only to the results. The site is now in Burgenland, but this Austrian province forms a geographical unit with the western part of the Dunántúl (Transdanubia) and with Southwest Slovakia. Thus the same, or at least similar, cultural phenomena may be expected in all three areas. Cultural elements of the east Alpine region and of the Northwest Carpathians met here where an influx of the Hungarian lowlands was also felt. 30 The Danube connected our territory with South Germany. As has been indicated elsewhere, 31 the closest counterparts of our sword came from Neckenmarkt (Plate 2, fig. 1 a —c) 32 and Sered 33 (Plate 2, fig. 2 a —c). Not only the shape and size of these three weapons are almost identical, but also the ornaments of the handels and the exterior decoration of the pommel-cups are similar. There is a slight discrepancy between the interior ornaments of the pommel-cups. In spite of this Miss A. Mozsolics thinks that all three swords reflect the same workshop traditions and we fully agree with her. If we look for other parallels, a search in the Carpathian Basin may prove useful. The Arheoloski Muzej in Zagreb owns a sword from „Hungary" (Plate 4, fig. 1 a —f). The site and the circumstances of discovery are unknown. This piece was published 34 67 years ago in a report which is not easily available. Thus H. Müller — Karpe 35 did not mention it in his comprehensive volume on the Urnfield Age swords with solid hilt. The present author also overlooked it when he first published the swords from Neckenmarkt. 36 However, during a recent visit to the Arheoloski Muzej he obtained information 37 about this object. It is interesting to note that its length is 48.5 cm. The decoration of the handle and the interior of the cup may be compared to that of the swords of Neckenmarkt (Plate 1, fig. 1 b —c), Sered (Plate 2, fig 2 b—c) and that of „Austria—Hungary" (Plate 3, fig. 2 a—b). A good analogy for our type of weapon may be found among the bronzes of European origin at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto. Canada. As T. A. Heinrich 38 has shown, this museum is one of the leading institutions of the American 27 Foltiny (1955) 49—50. Cf. Foltiny (1958) 55. Patek, E., Die Siedlung und das Gräberfeld von Neszmély. AAA 13 (1961) 33—82; 78 and plate 5:2 HaA 2 ). Müller, H. — Karpe, Münchener Urnenfelder (Kalimünz 1957) pl. 10 H 1 (HaA 2 );pl. 11 D 2 (HaA 2 ); pi. 20 A 9 (HaA 2 ); pi. 27 A 7 (HaA.^) pi. 39 B 2 (HaA 2 ). 28 Mithay (1942) 30 and pi. 19—5. 29 Foltiny (1964). 30 Concerning the geographical factors cf. Foltiny (1958) 18. 31 Foltiny (1964). 32 ibid. p. 20. The author wishes to express his sincere gratitude to Dr. Amália Mozsolics A of the Hungarian National Museum for useful information about the swords from Neckenmarkt and Sered (both of them in Budapest). Miss Ingrid Linderos, Princeton, N. J., made the drawings of their decoration. Length of the sword from Neckenmarkt (now in the Hungarian National Museum) is 49.5, diameter of the pommel-cup 5.8 cm. 33 ibid., p. 22 Length 49,5, diameter of the pommel-cup 5.8 cm. 34 Ljubic, S., Popis arkeologickoga odjela Nar. zem. Muzeja I. 1 (Zagreb 1889) .86 sy. Drawing on p. 187. 35 Die Vollgriffschwerter der Urnenfelderzeit aus Bayern. Münchener Beiträge 2ur Vor- und Frühgeschichte 6 (München, 1961) (hereafter referred to as Müller — Karpe 1961). 36 Foltiny (1964). 37 I am indebted to Privatedocent Dr. Zdenko Vinski, Zagreb, for the photos and drawings of our plate 4, and for useful data pertaining to this sword. 38 Theodore Allen Heinrich, Art Treasures in the Royal Ontario Museum (Toronto, 1963) Introduction, p. V. 109
