Arrabona - Múzeumi közlemények 7. (Győr, 1965)

Foltinyi I.: Prehistoric bronzes from Győr-Sopron County in the American Museum of Natural History in New York and their relationships

Rábapatona, formerly Győr County Bronze knife with convex back, tang, flanges, and concave cutting edge; point missing. Inventory number 75.0/5589. Former number (Hungarian National Museum) 30 j^g 513. Length 20,5 cm (Plate 1, fig. 6). Magyaróvár, formerly Moson County Torque of copper with hooked extremities. Largest diameter 13.7, thickness 1.2, distance between the two hookes 9 cm. Inventory number 75.0/5553. Former number 76 (Hungarian National Museum) -r^rr (Plate 1, fig. 5). Pinnye, formerly Sopron County Sickle blade of bronze; plain. This object is missing. Only a photo is available (Plate 1, fig. 2). Inventory number 75.0/5565. Neckenmarkt, Burgenland (formerly Sopron-Nyék, Sopron County). Bronze sword: solid hilt, cupped pommel, two rivet holes, midrib and rich ornaments. Length 49, diameter of pommel-cup: 5.5, width of blade 4.9 cm. (Plate 1, fig. 1 a

—c). Inventory number 75.0/5614, former number (Hungarian National Museum) 71/1892. The oldest piece among the objects under discussion is the trapeziform axe from Koroncó (Plate 1, fig. 4) which represents one of the most frequent types of stone tools. These axes show a great variety: they appear in small, medium and large sizes. When S. Gallus dealt with the Neolithic Period of Győr and the neighboring area, he published some good analogies

5 for our specimen. In the environs of Győr similar small axes are known from Bársonyos, Kispéc and Felpéc. But the trapeziform axes are common finds of most Neolithic cultures in Hungary: they were diffused in the Körös,

6 Tisza, Bükk, Herpály,

7 Lengyel

8 and Bánát

9 cultures, and were also present in the Bodrogkeresztur

10 and Pécel-Baden

11 cultures. These stone artifacts cannot be assigned to a certain cultural group and they have no particulare value for the chronology, since they survived from the early Neolithic to the end of the Copper Age. The torque

12 of Magyaróvár (Plate 1, fig. 5) is a popular type of early and middle 5 Gallus S., Győr története a kőkortól a bronzkorig (History of Győr from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age). In: Győr története a vaskorszakig (Győr 1942) Plate 10: 2, 7 and 8. 6 Kutzián, I., The Körös Culture. Diss Pann, Ser. II. No. 23 (1947) 9. Banner, J.. . Hódmezővásárhely története a hongfoglalás koráig (History of Hódmezővásárhely until the Age of the Hungarian Conquest (Hódmezővásárhely, 1940) 38. F. von Tompa, F., Die Bandkeramik in Ungarn, AH 5—6 (1929) 43—44. 7 Korek J. — Patay, P., The Settlement at Herpály-halom from the Late Neolithic and the Copper Ages. FA 8 (1956) 40—42 and plates 4:13 and 5:2. 8 Dombay, J., Die Siedlung und das Gräberfeld in Zengővárkony. AH 37 (1960) 223 and plates 37:7,14;38:4;41:5;42:3,30, and many other examples. 9 Banner, J., The Neolithic Settlement on the Kremenyák Hill at Csóka (Coka). AAA 12 (1960) 1—56; see 45—46. 10 Bognár I. — Kutzián, The Copper Age Cemetery of Tiszapolgár—Basatanya. AH 42 (1963) 317. 11 Banner, J., Die Péceler Kultur. AH 35 (1956) 171. 12 For general information see Foltiny, St., Zur Chronologie der Bronzezeit des Karpatenbeckens. Antiquitas II. 1 (1955) (quoted below as Foltiny 1955) 21. Cf. Bona, L, Chronologie der Hortfunde von Koszider-Typus. AAA 8 (1958) 211—243; p. 224. Tihelka, K., Der Vëtefov (Wieterschauer)-Typus in Mähren. Kommission für das Äneolithikum und die ältere Bronzezeit Nitra 1958 (Bratislava, 1961) 77—109; 91 and plate 6:1. 107