Szőllősy Csilla - Pokrovenszki Krisztián (szerk.): Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis - Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei. C. sorozat 44. (Székesfehérvár, 2016)
Tanulmányok/közlemények - Régészet - Pozsgai Helga - Savanyú Bálint: Középső bronzkori vajkészítő edény Székesfehérvár határából
Posygai Helga — Savanyú Bálint: Középső bronzkori vajkészítő edény Székesfehérvár határából Helga Pozsgai - Bálint Savanyú Butter churn from the Middle Bronze Age found in the outskirts of Székesfehérvár Between May and July 2014, the King Saint Stephen Museum conducted a preventive archaeological excavation in the outskirts of Székesfehérvár, with complete exploration of the archaeological site located between Székesfehérvár - Hosszéri-dűlő and Ezres-puszta. During the excavation, a part of a Middle Bronze Age settlement was unearthed; the discovered artefacts were dated to the Transdanubian Region’s lime-filled pottery period (incised decorations on pottery were typically filled with white lime). In addition to this Bronze Age settlement, parts of a village from the early period of the Árpád Dynasty’s rule were encountered. Sherds of a special pot with were found at the bottom of the pit with stratigraphic No. 801. These sherds were found among the pieces of a thick layer of wattle and daub, bearing stratigraphic No. 802, which features branch imprints. During the restoration, it turned out that the potsherds found in the filling of pit No. 651 were parts of the same pot. Both sites contained finds from the Transdanubian Region’s lime-filled pottery period, thereby the artefacts and the examined pot can be dated to the Middle Bronze Age. Oval-shaped pot supplemented during restoration. Rounded edge, cone-shaped neck, narrowing downwards. The body suddenly widens at the shoulder; the belly is slightly curved; the bottom is straight. On the shoulder of the body, there are 4 horizontal handles. A rib indented with notches runs around the exterior of the pot, at the height of the handles. At the bottom of the pot, on the inner side, there are 3 rows of knobs of 3 to 4 centimetres, which are round at the base and rectangular at the top. In the two outer lines, there are 5 knobs each, while the middle row contains 6 knobs. In the specialised literature, there is no single terminology for pottery with knobs on the inside. Most often these artefacts were defined as “marinating pot” or “fermenting pot”; today, they are considered to be butter churns. The pot unearthed in Székesfehérvár is likely to have been used for this purpose. Butter was produced in pottery featuring knobs on the inside by means of “agitation”: the pot was suspended so that it could be agitated and rocked together with its contents. Similar prehistoric pots dating from the late Copper Age up to the late Bronze Age are known to science. They have been unearthed in several places throughout Central Europe: similar marinating pots/butter churns have been found in Budkovice (the Czech Republic) and in Dögé and Balatonőszöd (Hungary). A pot with a similar shape, though smaller and without knobs, is known to have been found in the area of Veszprém. It can be concluded that the pot unearthed in Székesfehérvár, which is in an exceptionally good condition, is the specimen of a rare type of ceramics. No similar artefact originating from the period of lime-filled pottery has been discovered in Fejér Country. 12 T
