Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis. – Alba Regia. Az István Király Múzeum Évkönyve. 11. 1970 – Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei: C sorozat (1971)

Irodalom – Beschprechungen - Fitz Jenő: The Governors of Pannonia Inferior I. XI, 1970. p. 145–150.

cellus in Lower Pannónia may be dated to the first half of the 170-s in all probability further on. The identification of Pomponius [ ] has not been solved in a satisfactory way still. Judged by the character of Pannonian careers one may be inclined to regard him as T. Pomponius Protomachus who governed Pannónia Superior in a period not to be defined exactly, but under two Augusti ( AÉ 1903, p. 206). Since L. Fabius Cilo stayed in Pannónia in the second half of 196 already, Protomachus does not seem to have been his predecessor (as I have regarded him in: Über die Laufbahn der pannonischen Legaten. Helikon 3, 1963, p. 386), but he might well have taken over the government of the province after Cilo (AAntHung 11, 1963, p. 280). On the other hand, it is sure that the construction of his career, propounded by A. Dobó again (o.e., pp. 72 — 73), does not hold good in any case. In his view C. Pomponius Bassus Terentianus, after being the legátus of Lycia and Paraphilia from 185 on, ruled Pannónia Inferior till 192/193, became suffectus in 193 and praefeetus urbi in the same year. This hypothesis is not supported by any analogy, nor is it likely that anyone, even a friend of the emperor, could have been raised to the highest senatorial rank in the year of his consulatus. We are not entitled to think so either by the mere name Pomponius [ ], or by the known careers of the Lower Pannonian legati. Bassus, the friend of Septimius Severus, made by him praefeetus urbi for a while in 193, may be identified with Vibius Bassus more probably; this person was later, perhaps in 194, proconsul of Asia (cf. my remark on this subject in Alba Regia 10, 1969, p. 72, 81.) The date of the consulate of G. Valerius Pudens is defined by the likely statement that he was proconsul of Africa prior to P. lulius Scapula Tertullus Priscus (B. E. THOMASSON, Die Statthalter der römischen Provinzen Nordafrikas von Augustus bis Diocletianus

. Lund 1960, p. Ill) who was consul Ordinarius during 195. So Pudens may have been suffectus in 194 at the latest (A. DOBÓ, o.e., pp. 73 — 74 has reiterated the earlier uncertain definitions). The inscription uncovered at Bainbridge (JRS 51, 1961, p. 192, no. 4 - AE 1963, p. 281) has justified my earlier suggestion : Pudens was governor of Britain at about 205. The name of L. Gufspius Ga]llus Sfajlfijnianus has been suggested by J. Szilágyi in his recent papers (AÉrt 94, 1967, pp. 75-76; RE Suppl. 11, 1968, p. 79) as governor of Pannónia Inferior between 194 and 196. As I have alluded to above, I identify the governor named in the inscription with L. Cornelius Latinianus, according to the reading of A. M ó с s y (cf. p. 147.). The name of the legátus of Lower Pannónia in the period of the Civil War, from 194 to 197, is unknown. As a possibility I have propounded the name of L. Aurelius Callus (Alba Regia 10, 1969, p. 73.). The activity of Q. Gaecilius Rufinus Grepereianus in Lower Pannónia is dated by research to the first decade of the third century traditionally, although the respective doubts could not be dissolved so far. During his governorship the" standing garrison of Aquincum, appointed for service in an imperial erveditio, was supplanted by the legio IV Flavia or its vexillatio again (GIL, III, 3463 : AÉrt 94, 1967, pp. 76 - 77). On the basis of this date I have put his term of office between 206 and 208, when the legio II adiutrix seems to have taken part in the Britannián expedition of Septimius Severus (o.e., pp. 284-285). Alluding equally to the presence of the legio IV Flavia, T. Nagy assessed the date of his legateship in 201 to 202, when the legio II adiutrix did not return from the second Parthian War yet (T. NAGY, BpR 20, 1963, pp. 27 — 28). However, the Aquincum legion participated in the consecutive wars with Septimius Severus from the spring of 193, so it is unlikely that its place would have been filled by another in the last years only. Since I tried to show at another occasion that the frontier used to be defended by auxiliary troops in the absence of the standing garrison (AArchHung 14, 1962, pp. 54 — 55), I do not regard this dating as probable (Alba Regia 4/5, 1963/64, p. 257). If Q. Caecilius Rufinus Crepereianus was a brother of M. Caecilius Fuscianus Grepereianus Florenus (GIL, III, 93), having governed Arabia prior to 198 (H. - G. PFLAUM, Syria 34, 1957, p. 137), one really cannot date his consulate later than the first decade of the third century, i.e. 206 to 208, which is in unison with the two Augusti mentioned in his inscriptions. In this case we have to reckon with an event, exceptional in Pannonian relation, that the governor has gained his consulate during his activity in the province and remained here for a while afterwards. This cannot be supported by any other instance in the rule of Pannónia, so it is possible that the exceptional solution was motivated by war conditions, the appointment of the legio II adiutrix for service in an imperial expedition, when the weakened frontier defence was left by the emperor in the hands of a legátus having sufficient local experience, so he prolongated the commission of the governor in office. A. Dobó added to my solution, the years 206 to 208, the possibility of the time span 203 to 205 (o.e., pp. 78 — 79) ; however, the statements made above do not justify this dating. The Anonymus of Sufetula (AÉ 1952, nr. 95), identified by me with L. Cassius Pius Marcellinus (AAntHung 8, 1960, pp. 405 — 415), has been regarded by Â. Dobó as a separate person, serving in Pannónia from 203 to 205 or from 205 to 206 (o.e., pp. 79 - 80). This dating is based only on the sequence of the ruled provinces : since Macedonia was governed by praetorii, the Pannónia mentioned before it cannot be but Pannónia Inferior, prior to 214. This argument has been used by myself as well, in identifying the unknown praeses with Marcellinus who, similarly to the senator of Sufetula, had been tribunus laticlavius, possibly in the fleaio II adiujtrix, XV vir sacris faciundis and governor of Pannónia. This identification is in fact contradicted by the divergence between the two careers : Marcellinus has become consul designatus during his governorship in Lower Pannónia, whereas the senator of Sufetula has governed also Macedonia before his consulate, as emphasized by T. N a g v as well (BpR 20, 1963, p. 34). However, the rule of Macedonia does not hinder the identification with L. Cassius Pius Marcellinus only, but also the dating to the beginning of the third century, since that province used to be governed by proconsuls at this time without any doubt. Research did not doubt so far that the reading of the third line: r>raes(idi) prov(inciarum,

) is right, referring to Pannónia, Macedonia and Dalmatia. As far as we may follow the careers, the seauence of the three provinces cannot be interpreted satisfactorily. But we may ask, was the unknown man also governor of Macedonia and Dalmatia? He may have been active in these provinces, being consularis already, with a special mission, or similarly to C. lulius (Camilius?) Calerius Asper, having been patrónus provinciáé Mauretaniae Tingitanae, wrovinciae Britanniáé (G. BARBIERI, L'albo senatorio da, Settimio Severo a Garino. Roma 1952, nr. 295), he could have been patrónus of the two latter provinces, mentioned in his inscription: praes(idi) vrov(inciae) Panfnoniae Inf(erioris) or Suv( erioris ), vatrono prov( inciarum ) Ma ]cfedo Jniae Dalmatiae. This solution not onlv eliminates the problems raised by the seauence of the three provinces but also the objections, raised by T. Nagy and A. Dobó against the identification of the Anonymus of Sufetula with L. Cassius Pius Marcellinus. Thus we mav regard it as an established fact that if we may date the Sufetula inscription to the beginning of the third century, it refers to L. Cassius Pius Marcellinus. Moreover, our solution eliminated the argument for a dating prior to 214 (before Macedonia he could have governed Pannónia Inferior only, ruled by a praetorian legátus). Both the mention of the governor as praeses and the supposed fijuridico per Flam,iniam et Pficenum J militate for a later date (H. LIEB, Der vraeses ausSbeitla. In: W. REIDTNGER, Die Statthalter des ungeteilten Pannonién und Obervannoniens von Augustus bis Diokletian. Antiquitas 1/2, 1956, pp. 242 — 246). According to H. Lieb the career of the 149