Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis. – Alba Regia. Az István Király Múzeum Évkönyve. 8.-9. 1967-1968 – Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei: C sorozat (1968)

Tanulmányok – Abhandlungen - Éry Kinga, K.: Reconstruction on the tenth Century Population of Sárbogárd on the Basis of Archaeoloogical and Anthropological Data. – A sárbogárdi X. századi közösség rekonstrukciója régészeti és embertani adatok alapján. VIII–IX, 1967–68. p. 93–147. t. XXVI–XLV.

Fig. 8. Frequency of furnished graves between sexes in 10-llth c. cemeteries whole from the 10th until the 12th century the amount of grave goods buried with men gradually decreases and the gap between the two becomes increasingly larger. In the 11th century cemetery of Kérpuszta goods are found only in 10% of all the male graves, while 78% of the female graves contain furniture. In Sárbogárd the nearly identical values of supply clearly illustrate the conditions characteristic of the sexes in the 10th century. The reduction of grave goods buried with men is also a consequence of the rules of Christian rites. Gradually the pagan custom of the journey of the dead is relinquished and as a result of this the weapons and economic implements which mainly constituted the grave furniture of men were omitted. The analysis of the inclusion of grave furniture permits the examination of graves with finds according to age groups. The age groups included are the same as in Table 1. (In case of Kérpuszta this distribution has been modified (because of the inclusion of an earlier classification) by dividing the Infans group into the following age groups : 0—5, 6—10 and 11—14 and the others as follows : Juvenis (15-20 years), Adultus (21-40 years), Maturus (41-60 years), and Senilis (61-x years). This latter division is insignificant in case of grown-ups but we gain a somewhat more detailed picture in case of the children.) In Sárbogárd we discovered less finds from graves of the Inf. I age group (33.3%) than from the Inf. II age group (44.4%). It is possible to distinguish the sexes from the Juvenis group onwards. The men of the Juvenis and Adultus groups receive furniture in an almost equal number of cases (42.8%— 44.4%). Goods are found among the Maturus group in a lesser number of instances (33.3%) while the Senilis group had no grave goods whatsoever. An examination of the grave furniture found in women graves presents an entirely different picture. Those of the Juvenis group most frequently received goods (66.6%). On the other hand the women of the Adultus group have a relatively low supply (33.3%). The values again increase in the Maturus age group (46.2%) and in the Senilis group they only slightly reduce (44.4%). Now let us examine Figure 9 in regard to the peculiarities of grave furniture from Kérpuszta and Zalavár according to sex and age, since precise data concerning the age groups are available only for these two cemeteries. As it was previously noted for Sárbogárd, men in the Adultus group most frequently received goods and as Fig. 9. Frequency of furnished graves between age-groups in 10—11th c. cemeteries their age increases beyond 40 years they receive goods less frequently. The same is observable in case of Kérpuszta and Zalavár. Furthermore we have observed that in Sárbogárd the girls and young women of the Juvenis group most frequently received grave goods; this holds true for Kérpuszta and Zalavár too. In all three cemeteries we find another identical phenomenon: the older women are much better supplied than the younger ones. Thus the proportion of grave furniture buried with the grown-up population of these cemeteries shows that in this period the younger men and older women comprised the most socially or economically important age groups. B. Characteristics of the Three Main Groups of Finds Thus far we have only generally examined the question of grave furniture; now let us analyze the material finds in detail. First let us see how the finds are distributed between the three following groups: I. Economic implements and weapons II. Jewelry and clothing accessories III. Objects connected with rite Fig. 10. Frequency of the hree groups of finds in 10-1 lth с cemeteries (a) 100