Alba Regia. Annales Musei Stephani Regis. – Alba Regia. Az István Király Múzeum Évkönyve. 4.-5. 1963-1964 – Szent István Király Múzeum közleményei: C sorozat (1965)

Tanulmányok – Abhandlungen - Bóna István: The Peoples of Southern Origin of the Early Bronze Age in Hungary I–II. IV–V, 1963–64. p. 17–63. t. I–XVII.

the vertex Pan pip e-s haped bronze ornaaments made up of double or triple tubes, the majority crumbled away (PL VII/A no. 12); behind the skull, beside the vertebrae a carved stone-bead, perforated at both ends (PI. VII/A no. 6), with a diam. of 3,4 cm, a bead was found in its cavity. Grave 3. Depth: 25 cm. Contracted skeleton of a young woman, lying on its right. Direction: SENW, the face was turned to E. No grave-goods. Grave 4. Depth: 30 cm. Contracted skeleton of a juvenile, lying on its right in a similar direction. Grave-furniture: a vase (compressed by the earth). Grave 5. Depth: 40 cm. Contracted skeleton of an adult, lying on its right. Direction: S-N, the facewas turned to E. No grave-goods. Grave 6. Contracted skeleton of a person of strong stature, lying on its left. Direction: N-S, the face was turned to E. Grave-furniture: at a distance of 25 cm benind the nape the pieces of a smashed yellow vase; on the neck a bronze torques, its opening was behind the skull (PI. VIII no. 1); on the right wrist a six times coiled bronze bracelet (PI. VIII no. 6); behind the skull the fragments of spectacle-shaped spiral ornaments, 5 pieces are preserved (PL VIII no. 8); on the breast bone a gold ri m g made of a twice rolled wire woven of two branches (PL VIII no. 4), weight: 5,5 gr; near

_the breast bone a bone pin carved of the tibia of a bird (PL VIIÍ no. 5), length: 8,5 cm (broken to pieces),. Grave 7. Depth: 50 cm. Strongly contracted skeleton of a woman, lying on its right. Direction: SE-NW, the face was turned to E. Grave-furniture: on the left shoulder a bronze „С y pr i о t" pin bent in a semicircle (PL Vll/B no. 7); on the breast a necklace made up of snails and 5 fayence beads (PL VÎI/B no. 6), its pendant was composed of a Cardium shell and two others of a different sort; at the same place a pendant made up of 3 bones (PL VII/B nos 1, .... 3—4) and a tusk (PL VII/B no. 2); a gold ring of larger size, rolled together from two pieces (PL VII/B no. 5), weight: 20,5 gr.; on the skull the fragments of spectacle-shaped spiral bronze ornaments, 1 piece is preserved (PL VIII no. 8); near the knee a one-handled pot, standing on a low, quadrangular, openwork pedestal (PL IX no. 4), height: 17 cm; beside it a broken two-handled mug the handles are missing (PL IX no. 5), heght: 5 cm; near the foot a bowl of middle size. Grave 8. Contracted skeleton of a young woman. The face was turned to N. Grave-furniture: a broken, downwards pointed jug, height: 7,5 cm. Perjámoe type. Grave 9. Devastated. The skull was missing. No grave-goods. Grave 10. Contracted skeleton of a man, lying on its left. Direction: NE-SW. No grave-goods. Grave 11. Contracted skeleton of a child, lying on its left. Direction: NE-SW. No grave-goods. Grave 12. A skull only. Grave 13. Contracted skeleton. Grave-furniture: on the breast a necklace made up of 18 shells (PL IX no. 8) and 20 animal teeth (PL IX no. 9) ; beside the breast a broken bone pin; around the skull a headdress consisting of 6 Panpipe-shaped plate ornaments, most of them decayed (PL VIII nos 9—10). Grave 14. Contracted skeleton lying on its left. Direction: NW-SE, the face was turned to E. Grave-furniture: a small-size damaged vase. Grave 15. Contracted skeleton lying on its left. The arms were drawn up before the breast, the hands were placed on the skull. Direction: NW-SE, the face was turned to E. Grave-furniture: one handled bowl (PL IX no. 6). Grave 16. Contracted skeleton lying on its left. The arms lay before the body, the hands at the face. Grave-furniture: four-handled low bowl (PL IX no. 7); inside it a rather large animal bone. The documents regarding the observations made on the Óbéba cemetery (the two publications) are perhaps more detailed and of a better quality than those regarding Pitvaros. No sketch was drawn on the cemetery, at least none was handed down to us. Tömörkény mentions that A. Török made photographs or, some graves, their whereabouts is also unknown. In course of the first excavation the graves were found at a distance of 3—5 m from each other. The second excavation has discovered graves in theree rows, at an equal distance from each other. With the exception of grave 8 the axis of the graves lay always in the direction N-S more or less exactly. All graves contained skeletons of the Early Bronze Age. Grave 8, however, judged by its divergent orientation to E-W and its characteristic handled jug with a pointed bottom, is a later one, belonging to the Szőreg group of the Perjámos culture. I shall disregard it when summing up the data of the cemetery. There is no certain datum referring to contemporary disturbing. Out of the 15 graves of the Pitvaros group allowing evaluation 12 contained adults, 1 a juvenile woman and 2 children. The soil being carried down, the depth of the graves varied between 25 and 50 cm, the average falls between 30 and 40 cm. As it is borne out by the data, the dead were buried in a contracted position in all graves. Out of the available 13 instances they lay on their right in 7, on their left in 6 cases. The direction of those lying on the right side is S-N or SE-NW, that of those lying on the left side is N-S, NW-SE or NESW, but their faces were turned to E in both cases, thus they have occupied an inverse position from head to foot. Out of the 16 undisturbed graves of the Pitvaros group 13 contained grave-goods, 3 skeletons only. 8 graves yielded vases: bowls, a two-handled mug, a pot and a beaker. The cemetery was rich in gold jewels; irrespective of the gold plates of graves A and B, four graves (A, 2, 6 and 7) yielded gold lock-rings. Bronze has come to light from 5 graves. Graven A, 2 and 6 contained pairs of bracelets, grave 6 a necklace, grave 2 a pin, grave 7 a „Cypriot"

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