Lukács László (szerk.): Märkte und Warenaustausch im Pannonischen Raum - István Király Múzeum közelményei. A. sorozat 28. (Székesfehérvár, 1988)
Lubise Kaspar: Wax-Chandlers and Honey-Bread Men in Karlovac at Fairs and Church Feasts Past and Present
At the same time the workshop for making honey cakes and biscuits was also adapted and enlarged. In 1898 the Lukinic family took over the workshop of the honey-bread man Antiin Podner, who had worked in Karlovac for 18 years. The firm extended its business by acquiring by purchase two more workshops in the nearby towns of Ogulin and Jastrebarsko. In 1919 the firm moved into a new building. Rudolf Lukinic died in 1929 and was succeeded in the business by D.D. - his widow Beata, botn Badovinac (188o-1953) and his oldest son Radoslav. As a result of the extravagant life led by members of the Lukinic family,in 1937 the firm changed its name and its owner. Previously called "Jhe First Croatian Steam Factory of Wax-Candles and Honey-Bread", ft. Lukinic, it became "Union", The Factory of Waxworks and Candles, with Radoslav Lukinic as the manager. The honey-bread workshop continued to be run by Beata Lukinic, till 31 December 1942. This earlier period can be described as the reign of the Lukinic family. Other wax-chandlers and honey-bread men went bankrupt or worked under their dominion. They had all formerly been the Lukinids' assistants. They all offered their products at a fair and market in Karlovac and especially on a market day (Friday). They accupied their places according to their age, a custom that has been retained till today. The rules of trade were strictly obeyed, in contrast to what was customary in our other regions (e.g. Hrvatsko Zagorje). Wax-chandlers and honey-bread men from Karlovac were also present at annual fairs and church feasts in the surrounding villages (e.g. Klinca Selo). Beside regular fairs there were also church feasts related more to the commemoration of Catholic saints then of Eastern Orthodox ones. Market sales were usually good and all the tradesmen from Karlovac came to every fête. Church feasts were generally much frequented as the only occasion for entertainment the villagers had. Especially big church feasts took place in the village of Okid (St.Mary) where they used to sell 800 1 of mead (GVIRC) in a day, and in Lasinja (St. Elias and St. Elisabeth) about 600 1 of mead in a day. Mead, a drink made of fermented honey from a honeycomb brewed together with water, was in every way one of the most popular honey products. It was also the only beverage available at fairs on days of church feasts. For the last 20 years there have also been other drinks available, such as beer, wine and various kinds of juices; but mead is still prevalent,being especially required by older villagers and city inhabitants. During the last few years it has become a custom for people from the city to come by car to Kamensko on the days of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary and the Assumption. They drink mead and eat meat specially braised in uncovered metal pans for lunch. Basides mead, there were other honey products such as different kinds of honey cakes: MEDENJACI, honey biscuits of a round shape;.PISKQTE, a kind of spungy cake of rectangular shape made of honey pastry; PARIZER STANGE, honey pastry in the form of sticks with a thick glazed coat of glair, sugar, cinnamon, cloves and vanilla; MALAGE, honey cakes glazed with eggs; and TAFRLI, large honey biscuits coated with a mixture of eggs, sugar, concentrated lemon juice and breadcrumbs, which were sold in threes. 79
