Fitz Jenő (szerk.): The Celts in Central Europe - István Király Múzeum közelményei. A. sorozat 20. A Pannon konferenciák aktái 2. (Székesfehérvár, 1975)

I. Bognár-Kutzián: Some new early La Téne finds in the Northern Danube Basin

grave. The kylix of the burial allows the year 425 B. C. to be considered as a terminus post quem(21).

The shoulder of the slender urn-like vessel of grave 15 at Dürrnberg is decorated with a row of lines consisting of impressed vertical hatches (Rädchenstempel) (22). Traces of similar impressions can be seen inside the bowl of grave 377 at Basaharc (Pl. I). As if the potter has wanted to wipe off the design by a superficial smoothing or else the blurring of the pattern is due to use. This vessel is interesting in several other respects, too. The rim has a diameter of 47 cm, an unusually large one which is everted horizontally, looking brim-like (height 11 cm). The decoration of the brim deriving from a metalprocessing technology (punching) is unique in the Hungarian material: alternately lying S motives, linked with pelta-like patterns and the rest filled with impressed tiny points)23).

Grave 377 at Basaharc containing the bowl was found destroyed. The fragments of the vessel were discovered in three distant groups. Five of the pot sherds were taken into inventory as belonging to grave 376. Among other sherds the fragments of a wheel-made and two hand-made urn-like vessels with laths in relief are assigned to grave 377 by a remark made by the excavator in the inventory, and so is a fibula of the Münsingen type (Pl. IV), a rusted iron fragment which may have come from a brooch. In addition to small bronze discs and flat bronze rings (Pl. IV), a bronze bracelet, an iron spearhed ard two knives may have belonged to the grave. The now fragmentary knives represent two variants according to the line drawings in the inventory. Analogies of one of them (Pl. V,2a) can be found in burial 10 at Dürrnberg dated by brooches of the Certosa and the Marzabotto types)24). The other knife at Basaharc has a long and narrow blade and the fragmentary haft has a circular cross-section (Pl. V 2b). just like one of the knives from Dürrnberg grave 37/2 which also contained fibulae of the early type, one with a wilde boar figure and two others with animal heads(25).

In period B of Basaharc the skeleton burials prevail. If I am restricted to characterize this period by just a few finds, priority goes to the set of bronze ornaments from grave 332 with a female skeleton, a set I have reconstructed on the basis of the excavation records (Pl. VI, 1). It consisted of two larger brooches (length 5.7 and 5.0 cm) and a smaller one (length 4 cm), each having a bow of loops in three rows.

(21) E. Penninger, MB, XVI, 1972, 79, 80, pis. 44 14, 40 33, 114 1,3.; H. Hirschhuber, ibid. Helm, Flasche und Situla aus dem, Fürstengrab. 97 — 100, pl. B; W. Specht, Metallanalysen an Flasche und Helm aus dem Fürstengrab, ibid. 122, 123.

(22) E. Penninger, o. r., MB, XVI, 1972, 53, pl. 14 25.

(23) See note 6.

(24) E. Penninger, o. c., MB, XVI, 1972, pl. 8 A 9 and

1,2.

(25) Ibid., pl. 34, 9 and 1 — 3. On the basis of the drawing in the inventory, the haft might have been knobbed and ringed like the knife in grave 5 at Dürrnberg. This grave also yielded a fibula of the Münsingen type (ibid., pl. 4 17 and 1.)

These were linked with chains carrying pendants. Three of the fourpreserved pendatns have identical decoration (Pl. V,1), the fourth being undecorated.

The hoard at Curug in North-Yugoslavia also contained three absolutely identical examples with three chains on two and five on one(26). The chains are equipped with pendants shaped and decorated as the Basaharc examples. The main difference between the Curug finds and the set from Basaharc is that the brooches at the former site are of identical size and were not found linked with chains. This should probably be ascribed to the function of the hoard.

Only one more example of this type of fibulae is known, the one with a short fragment of a chain from the female grave (No. 2) of Mikulcice, Moravia)27 1

The accompanying finds in grave 332 at Basaharc were a necklace composed of glass and coral beads, an open bracelet with thickening ends (Pl. VII,2a,b), another one with socketed terminals, (Pl. VII,3cf. 4), a small open bronze ring and a closed iron ring. The excavation records mention also an iron knife broken into small pieces. No pottery has come from this grave just as from the one at Mikulöice which K. Ludikovsky assigns to the nonpottery horizon preceding the Dux horizon. Among the other four fibulae of the Mikulcice grave containing exclusively bronze ornaments there is a brooch of the earliest Dux type as well as a fragmentary fibula with a looped bow differing from the Curug type. K. Ludikovsky dates it in the second half of the 4th century(28).

The Curug brooches are dated in the 5th century by L. Márton, in Hallstatt D and La Tène I by D. Garasanin, recently in the 4th century by

M. Garasanin, a dating supported also by the fibula of the Dux type(29).

Otherwise the hoard includes the Curug-Strpci type arched silver fibulae with plated feet. On the opposite side of the Danube, at Beremend, the Glasinac variant of the type with one looped spring and quadrangular foot plate is known in two examples. They belonged to grave 2, accompanied by knobfooted fibulae of the Certosa type having one-sided springs. Both inhumation graves No. 1 and 2 at Beremend have an early dating, in the 5th century. The Glasinac type is dated to the turn of the 6th and 5th centuries at Novi Pazar. This hoard contained a belt plate too like the Curug hoard. Except Beremend

(26) M. Grbiő, Glasnik istoriskog drustva u X. Sadu 1/1, 1928, 10-22, pis. I-V.

(27) K. Ludikovsky, Keltisches Flachgräberfeld in Mikulöice bei Hodonin. Sbornik CSSA, II, 1962, 273, 274, fig. 3.

(28) Ibid., 275. — M. S z a b ó dates the type similarly (Une fibule Celtique a Delos. Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique, XCV, 1971, 508).

(29) L. Márton, o. c., AHung, XI, 1933, 81, 82, note 14; D. Garasanin, Katalog der vorgeschichtlichen Metalle. Vorgeschichte I, Beograd, 1954, 40, pis. XXIX, XXX 5, XXXI 1-6; M. GaraSanin-Id., La préhistoire sur le territoire de la République Socialiste de Serbie. Beograd 1973, 651, pl. 116.

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