Juhász Antal: A Duna-Tisza közi migráció és hatása a népi műveltségre (Szeged, Móra Ferenc Múzeum, Csongrád Megyei Levéltár, 2005)
Summary
VII. Research findings so far not mentioned 1. In the culture of setders the author has revealed a peculiar duality: on the one hand a traditional level of material culture may be traced, especially reflected in the essentials of life (home and food); on the other hand a certain enterprising spirit and openness to new ways of production, such as intensive farming may be seen (growing vine and fruit). While this duality of preserving or forcefully keeping of (!?) - tradition and accepting novelty at the same time was not characteristic of each social stratum, however, in the studied region it was characteristic of all the people living there. The study of this issue needs further data collection and analysis. 2. Lajos Für asked whether the participants of this inland migration to the puszta areas were conquerors or refugees. The author answers: "most of the setders were both refugees and conquerors. Refugee in the respect that they escaped from poverty - and conqueror in the respect that they cultivated the puszta land, as well as created a home and agriculture on it." The achievement of the farmer generations living during this period was of remarkable significance in turning the puszta into a cultivated land. 3. The settling processes taking place on the Hungarian Great Plain during the 18-20 , h centuries, namely in the Danube-Tisza Interfluve, were not unparalleled in Europe, neither in the world. A. N. J. den Hollander connected the scattered setdement pattern on the Great Hungarian Plain to the frontier theory of F. J. Turner: he noted similarities between the frontier movement in North America and the settling of the puszta areas on the Great Plain (A. N. J. den Hollander 1975. 313.). Tamás Hofer throws light upon the difference that the Northern American frontier movement created primer setdements, while on the Great Plain secondary setdements came into being (Hofer T. 1980. 36.). This problem is worth considering. The author thinks that in the studied region on several puszta areas a tertiary or quaternary scattering took place. It would be worth comparing the frontier movements of the Great Hungarian Plain and that of other European regions - such as Southern Italy, Southwest Spain, or the Ukrainian steppes. The author intends to consider and study the issue further. 392
