A Móra Ferenc Múzeum Évkönyve: Studia Historica 12. (Szeged, 2009)
SIPOS József: Az erdélyi magyarság gazdasági és politikai szervezkedése 1920-192l-ben
JÓZSEF SIPOS ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL ORGANIZATION OF TRAN SYLVAN LAN HUNGARIANS IN 1920-21 Present study deals with three questions. Firstly, it argues that the Transylvanian Folk Party organized by Károly Kós and his circle in the spring of 1921 was settled on the ideology of the National Smallholders Party (led by István Nagyatádi Szabó) founded in 1909. Kós and his circle provided the liberal agrarian democratic approach of the Transylvanian Folk Party. They strived for a democratic land reform and 'peasant democracy'. Secondly, present paper claims the same about the Transylvanian section of the National Peasant Party founded on the 3 rd December 1918 by the Association of Hungarian Farmers. This was settled on the local farmer associations and the scK:alied Hangya co-operatives. They became the basis of the neo-conservative agrarian branch of the Hungarian Association, later that of the Hungarian National Party. They wanted to protect the leading role of the Hungarian historical middle class even under the peculiar economic and political circumstances of Romania. The Transylvanian Economic Society reorganised in the autumn of 1920 was considered a useful tool for that. Local farm associations and Hangya co-operatives were drawn under the direction of the Society. This also proves the institutional and ideological continuity of the movements. Thirdly, the Hungarian Folk Party and the Hungarian National Party united on the 28 th December 1922 in Cluj (Kolozsvár) following the example of Nagyatádi's Smallholders Party in Hungary. Besides, the peculiar situation of the Hungarian minority in Romania also asked for the unification of individual parties.
