A Móra Ferenc Múzeum Évkönyve: Studia Historica 8. (Szeged, 2005)
HALMÁGYI Pál: Irány: Arad – Temesvár! A Magyar Királyi Honvédség utolsó önálló hadművelete a II. világháborúban
PAL HALMAGYI TOWARDS ARAD AND TEMESVÁR! LAST OPERATION OF THE HUNGARIAN ARMY IN WORLD WAR II The Hungarian Army launched its last independent offensive during World War II in September 1944. The sudden attack into the direction of Arad andTemesvár (Arad, Timi^oara, today in Romania) launched on 13 th September from the district of Makó and Békéscsaba joined the attack aiming at occupying the Southern Carpathians, which set out on 5 th September from the district of Kolozsvár and Marosvásárhely (Cluj Napoca, Tirgu Mures, today in Romania). During the fights both the units of the army and the frontier guards of the 55 th flying patrol division guarding the district of Makó took part. These guards were mainly residents of Makó and the neighbouring settlements. The recollection of the one-time participants provides the researcher with several significant details regarding the fights around Makó. Especially important is the writing of Lieutenant Vilmos Bondor, who led his soldiers from the district of Deszk towards Temesvár. His bat> talion was moving at the right wing of the offensive units, and with successful encircling movements they made the opposing Romanian units withdraw on several occasions. Although the Hungarian units came near to Temesvár, they did not receive an order to attack the city. In fact, neither their strength and equipment, nor their number enabled them to complete this offensive. Neither the German forces joining the fights around Temesvár could occupy the city. The meanwhile approaching Soviet troops launched their counterattack from behind the defending Romanian troops on 18 th September. The Hungarian soldiers having occupied Arad and its surrounding, stopped near Temesvár and were unable to hold the Soviet troops attacking with superior numbers and gun-power. With holding manoeuvres they were to give up gradually all the territories occupied a few days before. Finally, they returned to their earlier posts, between Makó and Békéscsaba on the Trianon border, on 22 nd September. Meanwhile the 3 rd Hungarian army's military independency was ceased and its divisions got under the supervision of the German Army Group South Ukraine.
