A Móra Ferenc Múzeum Évkönyve, 1982/83-1. (Szeged, 1985)

Régészet - Horváth Ferenc: Contributions to the Early and Middle Bronze Age of the Southern Alföld

of his analysis the end of the life of the Makó group coincides with the beginning of the Pitvaros group of the Maros culture.

13 The view becomes even more complicated since the comparative material of the excavations in Transdanubia (i.e. Western Hungary) and Yugoslavia proves that the Somogyvár—Vinkovci type pottery exists in the southernmost part of the Great Hungarian Plain too. Finds belonging to this type were found in Algyó' (Pl. II. No. 3.), Ásotthalom

14 (Pl. II. Nos. 4—6.) in Ada (Pl. II. No. 1.) and Radanovac

15 (Pl. II. No. 2.) The analogies of the most remarkable jugs from Ada and Radanovac are known in two sites in the material of the Somogyvár—Vinkovci culture.

16 Recent excavations proved without doubt that this culture appeared in Transdanubia after the Vucedol С phase at the same time as the Makó—Kosihy

—Caka period; its earliest finds appear together with the Makó material; its life fills the period between the Vucedol-C and the Late Nagyrév-Early Kisapostag horizons17 In the southern part of the Great Hungarian plain this period corresponds to the period of the end of the Makó and to the Pitvaros — Early Nagyrév periods. The above mentioned Somogyvár-type finds in the case of Ada and Ásotthalom were possibly found in skeleton graves. Owing to the circumstances of the findings it cannot be decided whether it is a really independet appearance of the culture. According to István Bona this new population is in connection with the western branch of the migration starting from the direction of S. E. Tracia and E. Macedonia in about 1900 В. C. This migration reached the area of the Dráva—Sava Mid-Region as well as Transdanubia through the valley of the rivers Morava

— Vardar.

18 It is remarkable that the Somogyvár-type ceramic which appears in the SouthAlföld are always found west of the Tisza on the right bank of the river (Fig. 7.). This — even if these finds are scattered and are not deriveing from authentic excavations — as well as the fact that these finds were possibly found in skeleton graves make it possible for us to come to the hypothetical assumption that the Somogyvár—Vinkovci population — drawing up along the right bank of the river Tisza appeared in the southern part of the Danube

—Tisza Mid-Region of the Makó group and had a considerable role in the formation of the Kőtörés group of the Nagyrév culture. The left bank of Tisza was occupied by the population of the Pitvaros group which appeared at that time. So the Pitvaros sites west of Tisza might represent a later phase of the group.

19 New data in connection with the Nagyrév culture also come from the finds found near Magyarcsanád and Jánosszállás where it seems that the earliest appearance of the culture was spotted amongst the material of the Makó-group.

20 But in the light of the increasing archaeological-topographical data the questions of the late phase of the Nagyrév culture became uncertain. This first of all refers to the TransTisza areas or rather to the region between the rivers Körös and Maros where the number of the Nagyrév-type sites are increasing whereas the Szó'reg group belong 13 Kürti в. 1971. 38. 14 Ibid. 46, fig. 30—33. 15 Ada

—Komlósi Gergely-brick-factory. MFM. Szeged. 35/1906/d-. Radanovac

—"Crna Zastava"-co-operative. Szabadka—Subotica, Gradski Muzej

—City Museum, A1725. 16 Bándy G. 1981. Nagyárpád, Taf. 10.5. ; Ecsedy I. 1979. Szava, Taf. VII, 3, Taf. IX. 3. 17 Ecsedy, I. 1978. 111. 18 Bona, I. op. cit. 1965. 61—62. 19 According to our opinion the graves of Röszke (Bona I. 1965. 25.) and the finds from Sándorfalva—Eperjes (Excavation of Márta Galántha, 1981 ) are belonging to the Ada-type too. 20 Kürti В. op. cit. 38., 43., 50. 58