A Móra Ferenc Múzeum Évkönyve, 1982/83-1. (Szeged, 1985)

Régészet - Hegedűs Katalin: The Settlement of the Neolithic Szakálhát-Group at Csanytelek–Újhalastó

copper artifacts and ornaments during this period; here we shall give but a brief enumeration. Copper ornaments and ingots are known from Divostin,

90 small cylindrical beads, the fragment of an awl, hooks and spiral fragments from level II of Gornja Tuzla,

91 and small copper beads from Gomolava

92 and Sitagroi.

93 The widespread flourishing of copper metallurgy in South-East Europe is also evidenced by the fact that raw material was procured by mining at the close of the Neolithic. Late Neolithic copper mines have been excavated in Eastern Serbia at Rudna Glava

94 and at Aibunar in Bulgaria.

95 Settlement finds In this section we shall give a comprehensive evaluation of the finds — primarily pottery — recovered from the various features of the Linear Pottery settlement excavated at Csanytelek according to manufacturing technique, ornamentation and vessel forms. This choice of grouping is necessitated by the typological uniformity of the finds and by an observation made in the course of the excavations, namely that hardly any settlement features cut into each other, corroborating thereby the author's opinion that the settlement was only inhabited in one specific period. The find spots of the various objects are tabulated in the chart. The three human face vessels will be discussed separately in view of their importance, similarly to the scanty implement finds and the faunal list in which the zoological remains are listed according to species. Pottery (temper, surface finish, painting) Fine and coarse wares cannot be distinguished on the basis of tempering matter alone since both organic and inorganic matter were used regardless of type. Chaif and husk intermixed with straw were the most favoured tempering materials, inorganic temper included unused pottery ground into fine powder, sand and tiny pebbles. Impressions of chaff or straw can often be seen on the surface of the vessel since the tempering matter was often charred during firing and only these impressions testify their presence. Firing temperature must have been fairly low and uneven as indicated by the surface finish of vessel fragments and the often mottled surface of the pottery. 90 McPherson, A.

—Srejovic, D., Early Farming Cultures in Central Serbia. Guide to an Exhibit in the National Museum of Kragujevac (1971) 8. 81 Jovanovié, В., op. cit. 107. 92 Brukner, В.—

Jovanovié, В.—Tasié, N., Praistorija Vojvodine (Vojvodina in Prehistory). Növi Sad (1974) 69—112. 93 Renfrew, С, Sitagroi and the Independent Metallurgy of Europe. VIII

e Congres UISPP. Belgrade (1971) 473—481. 94 Jovanovié, В., op. cit., PPS 45 (1979) 103—110. 95 Cernyh, E. N„ Aibunar, a Balkan Copper Mine of the 4

th Millennium В. С PPS 44 (1978) 203—217. 3$