A Móra Ferenc Múzeum Évkönyve, 1980/81-1.(Szeged, 1984)

Régészet - Horváth, Ferenc: Ada-type Artifacts of the Early Bronze Age in the Southern Alföld

(the property of Á. Gróf, T. VIII: 2.)

61 and Baks.

52 It is especially significant, that in the case of Röszke and Hajdujárás—Hajdukovo, such vessels were found in contracted burials. The Jánosszállás mugs are grave goods as well. Unfortunately however, we have no more data concerning these graves. Comparison of artifacts from Hajdujárás (Hajdukovo) and Röszke, place these types unambiguously in the Óbéba—Pitvaros—Early Nagyrév periods. Such vessels have not been found in Nagyrév culture gravs as yet. In two cases they occured as the grave goods of inhumation burials but it is never-the-less extremely unlikely that they belong to the Nagyrév culture. An undoubtedly related form was found at the site of Gradac next to Belegis. It deviated from this type only in that it had a sharper belly line and more flattened body.

63 The exact culture classification of this type is further complicated by the fact that Yugoslavian research repeatedly places the often published Belegis grave goods in another archaeological unit. The uncertainty surrounding the cultural classification of this material is shown by the fact that in 1968 and 1974 Tasic called the grave proof of Vinkovci culture presence in the territory while in 1976 he re-classified it with the Szerémség artifacts from the Nagyrév culture.

54 There has been no opportunity to properly analyze the material from sites where this mug type has occured. Solving this problem however, will certainly require the documentation and analysis of further data.

55 Particularly important, among the artifacts presented here are the ceramics reported from the site of Ásotthalom — Borgazdaság (number 9). Béla Kürti, who first published the material of the grave, stated correctly that the three mugs have no exact analogues elsewhere, but that similar vessels are known from the Nagyrév culture, the Óbéba—Pitvaros group, and Somogyvár—Gönyü ^group as well.

56 István Ecsedy has recently referred to the material from the Ásotthalom grave as belonging to an early Nagyrév complex,

57 and this is synchronous with the atypically formed pottery from the cremation grave at Vájta—Kisvajta puszta.

58 is on the right side of the Tisza river. However the relationship between the Röszke material, Ada type artifacts and the grave goods the developed phase of the Mokrin cemetery can only be demonstrated by further verification excavations planned in this area. 61 Jánosszállás— the property of Árpád Gróf, Szeged, Móra Ferenc Múzeum, 53—

II. 1—46. 62 Ottó Trogmayer's excavation, Szeged Móra Ferenc Múzeum. Of the settlement material from the Early Bronze Age and Vatya culture only pit number 51 is published (Goldmann — Szénászky, 1971). The pit contains artifacts from two mixed periods of which the early Bronze Age component is considered part of the Nagyrév culture. Two of these Nagyrév pieces are related to the mug in question rather, than as the authors believed, to Vatya type ware. That conclusion was based on the existence of a strongly analogous mug from the Cegléd-Öreghegy material. (Párducz, 1967, 111. Fig. 7.). This mug however, undoubtedly belongs to an assemblage of artifacts from an early Bronze Age settlement, which was identified as a Nagyrév site by Párducz (Párducz, 1967,104). Reference to Banner's number 13/a type mug (Banner, 1931, Table III.) and other parallels in the Kulcs material (Bona, 1960, III. t. 8.) would also have aided in the identification to these vessels as Early Bronze Age ones. 63 Earlier GaraSanin considered that it belonged to the Perjámos culture (Garasanin, 1954, 73 and Fig. 7), and later they tried to demonstrate the influence of the Kisapostag culture with this find (Trbuhovié, 1956, 149. and Fig. 6. a — е.). 64 Tasié (1968) 10—11, Fig. 13; Tasié (1976) 152—153. 55 At the moment, there exists only an alternative qualification : this type belongs either to the fine ware of the settlements in the southern range of the Nagyrév territory or else belongs to the here introduced Ada type. 66 Kürti (1974) 46. 57 Ecsedy (1979a) 108. The mug number 9/b; Ecsedy (1979a) Table 1, Fig. 2; Bona (1965a) XVII. t. 12. 58 Makkay (1970) Fig. 30. 23