A Móra Ferenc Múzeum Évkönyve, 1971. 2. (Szeged, 1974)

Marcsik, Antónia: Data of the Copper Age anthropological find of Bárdos-farmstead at Csongrád-Kettőshalom

of South-Eastern Europe thus those in Hungary, too, paralell with the other cultures. The finds of the Tripolyte culture, originating from the territories of Poland, Rumania and the Ukraine, are very important. The anthropological elaboration of the series from Bilcze-Zlote in Poland was carried out by Stojanowski (1948). The anthropological elaboration of the material of the findspot at Vykhvatintsky in the Ukraine is connected with Velikanova's name (1961). She is establishing that the two series are very similar to each other although the measures of the calvaria are greater, the face is broader in the series of Vykhvatintsy. The proto-Europid component is dominant. All the other finds of the Tripolye culture including the finds of Rumania, as well (Necrasov et al., 1957) — remain within the limits of the individual variations established in case of the series of Vykhvatintsy and Bilcze — Zlote. The other European series can be characterized with a comparatively narrow face, dolichocrany. In Eastern Europe, however, the facial breadth of crania is showing a much higher value. The cemeteries of the period Srednii Stog II in the Ukraine are: Kapulivka, Alexandriya, Dereivka 2 and Kamennye Potoki. The anthropological elaboration of these series was carried out by Zinevish and К ruts (1968) and we meet these series in another book of Zinevish (1967), as well. Tóth (1970), reporting on the population of the Azov area in the Bronze Age, is remarking that in the medium Bronze Age elements of this area there are dominating the proto-Europid components but there appear also the Cromagnoid and Mediterranean features. Some analogies can be connected with the neolithic series of the Ukraine but there is possible also an eneolithic Copper-Age effect of southern origin. He is treating in another paper (1968) of a material originating from the pitted (yamnaya) culture of the Ukraine and the lower Volga region. He is establishing the great influence of the autochthonous morphological components of mesolithic origin on the anthropological composition of the population of the yamnaya culture, and the same is expressed in the eneolithic Bronze-Age series, as well. According to Debets (1961), the Europoid crania of Southern Mediterranean origin were more gracile than those from the northern steppe zones in the course of the neolithic period and Bronze Age. That phenomenon had begun in the neolithic period and became stronger in the course of Copper Age. EVALUATION OF RESULTS The most important individual measurements and indices of the find material originating from various cultures are summed up in Tables 3 and 3a. (I have only compared, of course, the values concerning males, leaving in this way out of consideration the measurements and indices of female graves at Dereivka 2 as well as Alexandriya. I haven't use the united mean values, either, calculated for the series at Alsónémedi (Pécel culture). We can find the values concerning the period Srednii Stog II and the Yamnaya culture in the book of Zinevish and Kruts (1968), the data of the Vykhvatintsy and Bilcze — Zlote series belonging to the Tripolye culture in Velikanov's (1961) work while the measurements and indices of the other findspots in Nemeskéri's (1956) paper. „For comparing the materials of the cemeteries available for me, I have applied the type-distance coefficient" introduced by Thoma (1955). His formula — in which 24