A Békés Megyei Múzeumok Közleményei 2. (Békéscsaba, 1973)
Maráz Borbála: La Tene-kori magányos sírok és kistemetők a Dél-Alföldről
La Tene-age isolated graves and small cemeteries on the South Hungarian Plain BORBÁLA MARÁZ The finds to be reported below are linked by one of their main characteristics : all of them came to light from isolated burials or from cemeteries containing only 3—4 graves, and it proved during the corroboratory excavations that more graves can not be reckoned with in the given area (Fig. 1.) I. Battonya-Kertész-timber-yard : the La Tene-age finds were discovered in 1937, and may have belonged to at least 2, and at most 3—4 graves ; one of them was crematoria! 2 . Inventory: 7- and 8-membered bullate leglets (Fig. 2; Table I, 1—2), an iron sword, an iron chain, two jugs with handles and a bowl (Fig. 4, 1). The small burial-ground can be dated to the first half of the LT С 18 " 39 . II. Földeák: individual grave, probably with crematorial rites (large urn covered by a bowl, and in it six smaller vessels) 3-4 . This is dated to the LT D period 40-41 . III. Kiszombor В : individual grave excavated by Ferenc Móra in a 426-grave cemetery of the migration period. A grave containing a skeleton of N— S orientation; on the right foot a hollow anklet made from a bronze plate, and decorated with wolf's toothlike groovings (Fig. 3,1); on the chest a fragment of a button-based iron fibula (Fig. 3,2) 5-10 This can be classified in the LT С period. IV. Kiszombor С (Nagyhalom) : 300—500 m from the isolated grave Kiszombor B, Ferenc Móra excavated four La Tene-age graves in the side of the Nagyhalom kurgan; three of these contained skeletons, and one was crematorial. The finds: urns, a bowl, a mug with a handle, a two-handled amphora and an iron spear (Table II, 1—3; Fig. 4, 2—4) 11-14 . On the basis of the finds, the small cemetry can be assigned to the LT С period 48_66 . V. Mártély—Gátőrház: probably an isolated female grave; E —W orientation. Inventory: fragment of bronze pendant, a bronze girdla , glass beads, a blue glass bracelet decorated with white inlay, two small bronze rings and a clay pot (Tables III — —IV; Fig. 5). This can be dated to the second half of the LT С, or to the 1st century B. C. 15 . VI. Székkutas—Sóshalom: probably a female grave; of SE — NW orientation. Inventory: a turned bowl, a lignite bracelet and four-membered bullate leglet pair, and pieces of a bronze chain (Table V). The skeletal-ritual isolated grave can be ascribed to the LT D period 16 . VII. Szeghalom—Halaspuszta: a small cemetery consisting of 4—5 graves, with skeletal ritual. Inventory: repeatedly folded iron sword and vessel Isolated graves and those in groups of three-four can be found throughout the entire territory inhabited by the Celts 68-70 . As regards the reasons for their existence, it can not be considered that the indicate „princely" burials separated by design, since with 61
