Gyulai Éva - Viga Gyula (szerk.): Történet - muzeológia : Tanulmányok a múzeumi tudományok köréből a 60 éves Veres László tiszteletére (Miskolc, 2010)

ÜVEGMŰVESSÉG - ÜVEGTÖRTÉNET - Dobrossy István: Az üvegtermékek szerepe a 18-19. századi borkereskedelemben ...

The role of glass in 18th- 19th century wine trade The author has devoted many decades of research to the history of the Balkanic "Greek" and Galician Orthodox Jewish traders and trading associations. The two different trading mentalities can be observed in the wine trade. Gyöngyös, Eger, Miskolc, Tokaj and Sárospatak were the main towns where the great trading families engaged in the international wine trade had settled. Wine was generally transported by wagons. The wine from the Promontoriums of the Hegyalja, Heves and Bükk region were transported to all regions of Europe, to Russia. Poland, the German Lowlands and even as far as England, on horse-drawn wagons made specially for transporting barrels. Bottled wine was a new, "modern" method for transportation. The ca. half litre bottles were produced in the glassworks of the Biikk and Zemplén forests. Glass stoppers were also made, which were coated with tar and attached to the bottle to ensure that the wine would not be exposed to air during transportation. The bottles were packed in wooden crates which were stacked on top of each other, enabling the transportation of 100-120 bottles. It seems likely that the bottled wines were not meant for mass consumption, but were aszú wines matured for several years or the tasty, expensive wines of other wine regions, some of which were fit for a royal table. László Veres spent many years of his professional career researching the glass crafts. This study illustrates how the region's wine culture attracted groups of traders to the larger towns and settlements. The Greek and Jewish wine traders provided work for the glassworks when ordering thousands of wine bottles. Wine continued to be transported in barrels for the greater part, while bottles were used for transporting smaller amounts of superior wines. István Dobrossy 75