Belényesy Károly: Pálos kolostorok az Abaúji-Hegyalján (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye régészeti emlékei 3. Miskolc, 2004)
PAULINE FRIARIES IN THE ABAÚJ HEGYALJA REGION
A rectangular tower is attached to the building at the north side of the church. Thick layers of earth and vegetation cover the walls of the cloister complex, north of the church, therefore, it has not been the subject of detailed research until now. 1 9 Nevertheless, the direction of the walls is visible on the surface, and their system reveals the inner structure of the complex (Fig 32.). Moreover, the detailed analysis of the northern church wall permitted of the monastic buildings' description. Description of the Northern Church Wall and the Adjoining Buildings " 1 Rooms on the Ground Floor The walling masonry of the chancel's northern portal differs from the building material of the church. It is made of local gray and red tufa, its mortar is mixed with small pebbles and lime. This structure ends at the southern part of the chancel near the stringcourse. Around that the survey from 1936 depicts a hollow. Henceforth, this entrance must be the result of the restoration carried out in 1941 (Figs 33, 34). The eastern wall of the first room, adjoining the chancel from north, is damaged at its base. Despite this deterioration the print of a smaller window's bevel is visible (Fig 35). The northern wall of this room is severely destroyed, however, its ruined connections to both the vestry and the opposite tower can be seen. It is covered with simple barrel vault, of which imprint was documented on the eastern wall (Fig 37). On the northern church wall, imprints of stairs were noticed, leading up to the first floor of the tower (Fig 38). This room was identified as a staircase, whose function was probably to connect the rooms on the first floor with the chancel. This set of steps was totally omitted from ground plans published by previous investigations. 131 The narrow room was represented on the layout from the survey of 1936, but the second ground plan, which was made based on this first investigation, is imperfect (Fig 24). It is noticeable that on this later plan, the vestry was moved south from its original position. The layout, presented by the periodical Technika, is more schematized, because here the small northern room is not even represented (Fig 39). Unfortunately, it was this last interpretation which got into scholarly literature without criticism, and this Already Henszlmann wrote that the cloister buildings outside the church are overgrown by vegetation. Judit Tamási reported shortly that "due to the situation, there was no way to excavate the cloister". See Henszlmann, 1884 191 and Tamási. 1990 14. 130 The description will start from the chancel of the church! 131 Similar type of staircase was observed in Stadtschlaining (Austria). See Seebach, 1984 181-190. image did not change significantly after the art historical survey of the monument in 1977. 132 The next room is not directly connected to the church, which is explained by its standing walls. The southern wall of this room is identical with the northern wall of the staircase. Its eastern wall turns after the above-mentioned room, therefore the described room slightly protrudes from the eastern facade. In the southeastern corner of the described room, the damaged fragment of a vault springing was documented (Fig 40). The imprint of the same vaulting system was discovered on the eastern wall of the tower (Fig 41). Its size suggests that a two- sectioned, cross-vaulted room existed, identified as the vestry and the vestry chapel. 13 ' The ground floor of the tower was also covered with cross vaulting. On its northern wall, similar marks of vaulting were observed as in the vestry, which was interpreted as the spring of the cloister's northern ambit (Fig 42). On the western wall of the tower, imprints of vaulting were detected again. These prints were not connected with the corbels situated in the wall itself, but led higher, which makes the impression that the cloister corridor was roofed secondary (Fig 43). On the northern wall of the church nave, minor parts of a barrel vaulting were recorded (Fig 44). Since the small apertures on the northern wall were bricked-in in 1941, it was almost impossible to detect the corridor of the cloister, which was presumably located there (Fig 23). The missing wall section can be traced as a change in the masonry at the chancel, and by the fact that the wall of the church became cracked at the base of the tower and above the original hollow (Figs 45-47) It was not possible to follow the traces of this vaulting after the second aperture. After all, based on the remaining prints of the vaulting system, a two-sectioned cloister can be reconstructed, which is attached to the church nave from the north. 1 ' 4 West of this, an approximately eighty cm wide destruction show the intersection of the western wing's eastern wall (Fig 48, on the right). The buttress situated at the northwestern corner of the church was built in 1941. Most likely the static problem caused by the lack of a supporting wall after the destruction of the western building complex, caused the crack in the church wall. Consequently, it was likely constructed because of this damage. Rooms on the First Floor The information about these rooms is based on data from the survey of the tower. During the study, it 132 Guzsik-Fehérvári, 1980 8, 22 and Joó. 1986 49. 133 The same type of arrangement can be seen in Dédes. GuzsikFehérvári, 1980 6, 12. 134 This should also be interpreted as a smaller room.
