Belényesy Károly: Pálos kolostorok az Abaúji-Hegyalján (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye régészeti emlékei 3. Miskolc, 2004)

PAULINE FRIARIES IN THE ABAÚJ HEGYALJA REGION

constitutes of hand-wheeled, inadequately burnt pottery, tempered with sand and small pebbles, and decorated by incised parallel lines, from the thirteenth-fourteenth centuries (Fig 17 1-5).

83 There are some simple rims and ribbed body shreds from the fourteenth century, (Fig 17 6-10). Structured rims decorated with double ribs represent the material of the late fifteenth- early sixteenth century. The unglazed frame fragment of a renaissance stove tile from the site dates back to the sixteenthseventeenth centuries 4 (Fig 17, 12). Summary All in all, the appearance and inner structure of the complex is similar to the researched remains of medieval Pauline monasteries in Hungary. The embankment near the buildings is in particular specific, but the site of the monastery,

85 the layout of the buildings, and also the collected material is characteristic. The site of the ruins matches with the known written evidence about the monastery of Regéci Therefore, it can be stated that the ruins are not located next to Regéc village in the Barátok láz field, but near Ohuta village in the Barátok field. 2. KÖZÉPNÉMETI, ST LADISLAUS CHAPEL AND HERMITAGE (Map 1, Appendix 1) Egedius, an Augustinian hermit,

87 with the mediation and support of Philip Drugeth, founded this hermitage before 1319. In 1319, at the suit of Philip Drugeth, comes of Szepes county, Martin, Bishop of Eger permitted burials at that place, and gave consent for a 40-day long dedication festival for the chapel and hermitage of St Ladislaus, near "Kuzepnemty".^ In 1320, Thomas, Archbishop of Esztergom transcribed and confirmed a previous charter at the request of Egedius, who had built a chapel in honor of St Ladislaus.

89 into force, we informed the local Ottó Herman Museum of Miskolc about the work. See Wolf, 1989, 15-112. See Gyuricza, 1992 83-157. About this aspect see the chapter entitled " The Landscapes of the Monasteries in the Abaúj Hegyalja Region"

. In the written sources, the place of the monastery is specified as "above Horváti", " below the castle of Regéc", and "under the village of Regéc". The title "Augustinian" can be interpreted as a collective category in the early 14th century. The prohibition to create new orders, and the close up of minor communities under the regulation of St Augustin had a remarkable effect on the forming of the Pauline order as well. Bandi, 1985 608., 1. Bandi, 1985 609., 2. The foundation gained its prestige from the authentic St Ladislaus relics kept there. Egedius was appointed to be prior by the Archbishop of Esztergom.

90 Regrettably, there are no more written data about the life of this hermitage. Gyöngyössy argued that the relics were transferred to the Regéc monastery, which suggests that this hermit community had been given up soon. 1 Earlier Research Written evidence report that the hermitage was situated near Középnémeti (today Tornyosnémeti), on one of the Hernád river's islands.

92 The exact site of the hermitage is not known (Maps 4 and 9) 3. GÖNCRUSZKA, ST CATHERINE MONASTERY

93 (Map 1, Appendix 1) It was founded in 1338 by Dominic and his brothers, Lawrence, John, the uncle of John, and son of Dénes, who donated the church of St Catherine to the Pauline order, with a vineyard and a mill.

94 In 1338, the chapter of Jászó enrolled the hermits into the possession of half of a mill on the Hernád river, near theVilmány village. In 1418, Bartholomew, son of John Ruszkai donated a piece of land to the Paulines from his possessions in Ruszka, which was authenticated by the convent of Jászó. In 1421, Benedict Makrai, the governor of the Eger Bishopric, adjudicated two places of mills to the monks in the center of Hejce village. In 1424, St Catherine monastery prohibited the use and occupancy of their estates for the Bebek family. In 1458, Jacob Olnodi Czudar donated the half of Kertel and Tófüz puszta* to the monastery, with the intention that the monks should pray or sing for him daily. "He is supposed to be present at the synod of his order, but cannot be sued before the court of neither master Philip or comes of Szepes county, or other secular courts, as he falls under the authoroty of the Archbishop of Esztergom, but at the same time he is protected by master Philip, his patron". When they transferred the relics, only the Regéc monastery was taken into account, therefore this happened before the foundation of the hermitage at Göncruszka. In connection with the place of the hermitage, Gyöngyösy used the expression " ...circa vallem Kewzeepnemeti...", instead of "...circa villam Kewzeepnemeti..." used by medieval charters, which comes from probably the misreading of the original text. puszta is an uninhabited estate. Documents were collected in: DAP I., 171-176. At the foundation, parallel to Regéc, a chapel is mentioned by the documents.