Belényesy Károly: Pálos kolostorok az Abaúji-Hegyalján (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye régészeti emlékei 3. Miskolc, 2004)

PAULINE FRIARIES IN THE ABAÚJ HEGYALJA REGION

were outlined. All in all, the monastery of Gönc can be depicted as a storied, multi- roomed, structured building, with a closed cloister yard and vaulted cloister corridor. The number of the monks who resided there can be estimated around ten to twelve.

139 5. TELKIBÁNYA, ST CATHERINE HOSPITAL (Map 1) In 1367, King Louis the Great gave permission to the citizens and miners of Telky to found and build a hospital in their town in place of an old wooden chapel. He declared that this hospital should fall under the authority of the Bishop of Eger.

140 In 1369, the Bishop of Eger confirmed the right of Telkibánya' s inhabitants to build a hospital.

141 In 1369, King Louis the Great confirmed his charter of 1367.

142 In 1450, a priest, called Matthias, relegated the patronage of the hospital to the Pauline monastery of Gönc.

143 Later, the same Priest Matthias came into conflict with the Paulines, and it seems that after 1471 the monks got hold of the hospital.

144 Earlier Research The remains of the medieval hospital came to light in the spring of 1997 during construction works, near the parish church of Telkibánya. The rescue excavation was carried out by the archaeologists of the Ottó Herman Museum of Miskolc in 1997 and 1998.

145 The southern part of the uncovered building complex was almost completely destroyed, it was only documented at the ground level. The research of the northern wing, however, provided detailed information making it possible to connect the known written data about the hospital with the results of archaeological research. The history of the hospital relying on these two types of information can be separated to three particular phases. The earliest remains most probably belonged to the wooden chapel mentioned by the documents. Unfortunately, the size and layout of this building cannot be accurately reconstructed from the excavated remains, 139 Hervay, 1984 165. 140 Bandi, 1985 582 1. 141 Bandi, 1985 582 2. 142 Bandi, 1985 583 3. 143 He was presumably in charge of the hospital around that time. See DAP I, 167, 249. 144 Bandi, 1985 594 36. 145 The leader of the excavation was Tamás Pusztai, whom report I took as a basis for my description. See Pusztai, 2000 and no traces of the wooden superstructure were identified. After the foundation of the hospital in 1367, the chapel was demolished and a new hospital church was erected. This complex was eighteen meters long, eleven meters wide, and had one nave. A building with 8x9-m ground space, whose western side was strengthened with three buttresses, adjoined its northern side. The mid-fifteenth century was a landmark in the history of the small sized urban poorhouse. The Paulines took over the hospital, when this, parallel with the declining of the settlement, began to decay. In that period, the building was reconstructed in the fashion of the urban mendicant style of the Pauline order. The chancel was elongated, stalls were placed into it,

147 and a small sized vestry was attached to the northern part of the chancel. The greatest part of the church might have been ruined during the sixteenth century, but the chancel of the church was still in use later. The date of the final destruction is not known. 6. HOLY TRINITY MONASTERY

148 (Map 1) The date of its foundation and the founders are unknown. In 1412, King Sigismund declared that the castellan of Regéc should not demand anything after the deserted Holy Trinity monastery from the monasteries of Gönc and Regéc.

149 In 1412 it appears as a deserted place, the charter only suggests that it had been founded after the foundation of the three other monasteries. Therefore, its active existence must have fallen in the period between 1371

150 and 1412. The monks moved to one of the neighboring monasteries. Earlier Research The DAP mentions this monastery among the unidentified sites.

151 Based on this information, Tamás Guzsik and Rudolf Fehérvári located the monastery to the area between Gönc and Regéc.

152 Later, József Laszlovszky made an attempt to find the site of the Regéc monastery. It was discussed above that he tried to locate the monastic site near Regéc, in the Barát láz Tamás Pusztai identified this building with the house of the hospital's master. 147 The foundation of one stall was unearthed along the northern wall of the chancel. 148 DAP III, 308. 149 Bandi, 1985 672 6. 150 See the first written document about the Gönc monastery. 151 DAP III., 308. 152 Guzsik-Fehérvári, 1980 24, 86.